Exkluze v liberálním státě: případ politiky imigrace a občanství

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Život v pohybu

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Cílem tohoto článku je ukázat, jak liberálně-univerzalistická logika práv jedince a ne-diskriminace vpadla do oblasti vytyčování hranic a definice členství, které jsou často líčeny pod vlivem partikularistického budování národa. Současné západní státy pokračují v „exkluzi“, avšak individuálním a sebe-limitujícím způsobem, který se značně liší od otevřeně diskriminačních exkluzí na úrovni skupiny, uplatňovaných v minulosti. Toto stěží představuje nový náhled: političtí sociologové globálních lidských práv obhajují tento argument již nejméně po jedno desetiletí. Jedná se však o natolik závažnou záležitost, že je vhodné ji znovu vyjádřit a s požadovanou detailností čelit překvapivě vytrvalému obrazu národů a nacionalismu v literatuře, obrazu „nacionální exkluze“ a „skupinového vlastnictví“ státu jako v podstatě neměnného „stínu modernity“.

Klíčová slova:
občanství; diskriminace; imigrace; liberalismus; národy a nacionalismus
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