Pěstounství na hranici péče a práce
Roč.19,č.2(2022)
Rodičovství: plány, formy a zkušenosti
Foster care in many ways challenges the dichotomy between home and workplace, intimate care, and paid employment. Foster parents are supposed to provide love and safety to children who cannot be with their biological parents for various reasons while receiving financial rewards. Foster care in many ways challenges the idea of parental care as care embedded in a loving relationship that should by its very nature be free of financial rewards. Using semi-structured interviews with eight foster parents, the paper analyses how the foster parents (de)construct the boundaries between the private sphere of care and what meanings they attribute to the financial reward they receive. The paper points out that foster parenting reflects an established gender order, within which care appears as an activity intrinsically linked with the gender identity of women. However, the identity of foster parents has simultaneously been constructed also in terms of a professional identity that permeates the sphere of paid work. Foster parents construct their care both as a labour of love and full-time employment. They actively deconstruct the opposition between love/care and paid work and articulate care as a value that should be financially evaluated.
gender, care, family, foster care, private and public sphere
BENSTON, Margaret. 1969. „The Political Economy of Women’s Liberation.“ Monthly Review 21(4): 13–27.
BLYTHE, Stacy L., Elizabeth J. HALCOMB, Debra JACKSON a Lesley WILKEZ. 2013. „Perceptions of Long-Term Female Foster-Carers: I’m Not a Carer, I’m a Mother.“ British Journal of Social Work 43(6): 1056–1072.
COMBS-ORME, Terri a John G. ORME. 2014. „Foster Parenting Together: Assessing Foster Parent Applicant Couples.“ Children and Youth Services Review 36: 70–80.
DE WILDE, Lieselot, Jochen DEVLIEGHERE, Michel VANDENBROECK a Bruno VANOBBERGEN. 2019. „Foster Parents between Voluntarism and Professionalisation: Unpacking the Backpack.“ Children and Youth Services Review 98: 290–296.
DUDOVÁ, Radka. 2018. „Care Allowance as ‚Special Money‘: The Meanings and Uses of the Care Allowance in Close Relationships.“ Gender a výzkum/ Gender and Research 19(1): 58–81.
ENGLAND, Paula. 2005. „Emerging Theories of Care Work.“ Annual Review of Sociology 31: 381–399.
FINN, Janet L. 1994. „Contested Caring: Women’s Roles in Foster Family Care.“ Affilia 9(4): 382–400.
FRASER, Nancy. 2016. „Contradictions of Capital and Care.“ New Left Review 100: 99–117.
GILLIGAN, Robbie. 2000. „Men as Foster Carers: A Neglected Resource?“ Adoption & Fostering 24(2): 63–69.
GROOTEGOED, Ellen, Trudie KNIJN a Barbara DA ROIT. 2010. „Relatives as Paid Care-Givers: How Family Carers Experience Payments for Care.“ Ageing and Society 30(3): 467–489.
HESLOP, Philip. 2019. „Foster Fathers Performing Gender: The Negotiation and Reproduction of Parenting Roles in Families Who Foster.“ Journal of Family Social Work 22(4-5): 352–368.
HOCHSCHILD, Arlie Russell. 1997. The Time Bind: When Work Becomes Home and Home Becomes Work. New York: Metropolitan Books.
HOCHSCHILD, Arlie Russell. 2012. The Managed Heart: Commercialization of Human Feeling. Berkeley, Oakland: University of California Press.
KŘÍŽKOVÁ, Alena, Radka DUDOVÁ, Hana HAŠKOVÁ, Hana MAŘÍKOVÁ a Zuzana UHDE (eds.). 2008. Práce a péče: Proměny „rodičovské“ v České republice a kontext rodinné politiky Evropské unie. Praha: Sociologické nakladatelství (SLON).
LEIRA, Arnlaug. 1994. „Concepts of Caring: Loving, Thinking, and Doing.“ Social Service Review 68(2): 185–201.
LYNCH, Kathleen. 2007. „Love Labour as a Distinct and Non-Commodifiable form of Care Labour.“ The Sociological Review 55(3): 550–570.
MOŠTKOVÁ, Šárka a Irena SOBOTKOVÁ. 2016. „Příbuzenská pěstounská péče: když dítě vychovávají prarodiče.“ E-psychologie 10(4): 47–65.
NEWSTONE, Simon. 2000. „Male Foster Carers: What Do We Mean by ‚Role Models‘?“ Adoption & Fostering 24(3): 36–47.
RAGONÉ, Helena S. a Sharla K. WILLIS. 2000. „Reproduction and Assisted Reproductive Technologies.“ Pp. 308–322 in Gary L. ALBRECHT, Ray FITZPATRIK a Susam C. SCRIMSHAW (eds.). The Handbook of Social Studies in Health and Medicine. London: Sage Publications.
RIGGS, Damien W., Paul H. DELFABBRO a Martha AUGOUSTINOS. 2010. „Foster Fathers and Carework: Engaging Alternate Models of Parenting.“ Fathering 8(1): 24–36.
SCHOFIELD, Gillian, Mary BEEK, Laura BIGGART a Emma WARD. 2013. „Professional Foster Carer and Committed Parent: Role Conflict and Role Enrichment at the Interface Between Work and Family in Long‐Term Foster Care.“ Child & Family Social Work 18(1): 46–56.
SCHWANDT, Thomas. A. 2001. Dictionary of Qualitative Inquiry (2 ed.). Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.
SLEPIČKOVÁ, Lenka. 2007. „Vajíčko, spermie, zkumavka… a gender. Postoje českých žen
a mužů k asistované reprodukci a adoptivnímu rodičovství.“ Gender rovné příležitosti výzkum 8(2): 68–75.
SMITH, Brenda a Tina SMITH. 1990. „For Love and Money: Women as Foster Mothers.“ Affilia 5(1): 66–80.
SWARTZ, Teresa Toguchi. 2004. „Mothering for the State: Foster Parenting and the Challenges of Government-Contracted Carework.“ Gender & Society 18(5): 567–587.
UHDE, Zuzana. 2012. „Od sociálních konfliktů ke společnosti péče.“ Pp. 10–22 in Magdalena HORNOVÁ (ed.), Petra EZZEDINE, Miluš KOTIŠOVÁ, Radka DUDOVÁ, Pevla REDLOVÁ, Zuzana UHDE, Marta VOHLÍDALOVÁ, Alena WAGNEROVÁ, Lada WICHTERLOVÁ. Pečuj a vypečeme tě: zpráva o neplacené práci v ČR. Praha: Gender Studies, o.p.s..
VANDERFAEILLIE, Johan, Frank VAN HOLEN, Skrallan DE MAEYER, Laura GYPEN
a Laurence BELENGER. 2016. „Support Needs and Satisfaction in Foster Care: Differences Between Foster Mothers and Foster Fathers.“ Journal of Child and Family Studies 25(5): 1515–1524.
WAERNESS, Kari. 1987. „On the Rationality of Caring.” Pp. 207–234 in Anne S. SASSOON (ed.). Women and the State. London: Routledge.
YOUNG, Iris, Marion. 2007. „Recognition of Love’s Labor. Considering Axel Honneth’s Feminism.“ Pp. 189–212 in Bert VAN DEN BRINK a David OWEN (eds.). Recognition and Power: Axel Honneth and the Tradition of Critical Social Theory. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
ZELIZER, Viviana. A. 2005. The Purchase of Intimacy. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.
ELEKTRONICKÉ ZDROJE:
ČT 24: Prarodičům pečujícím o vnoučata stát snížil příspěvek. Musí se starat i tak argumentuje poslanec. 10.1.2022, cit. 1.června 2022 (https://ct24.ceskatelevize.cz/domaci/3426034-prarodicum-pecujicim-o-vnoucata-snizil-stat-pestounsky-prispevek-musi-se-starat-i-tak)
Ministerstvo práce a sociálních věcí, n.d. „Odměna pěstouna.“ Mpsv.cz, Cit. 16. února 2021 (https://www.mpsv.cz/-/odmena-pestouna).
Ministerstvo práce a sociálních věcí, 2011–2019. „Roční výkazy o výkonu sociálně-právní ochrany (V-20).“ Mpsv.cz, Cit. 1. června 2020 (https://www.mpsv.cz/statistiky-1).
Nadační fond J&T, 2015. „Pěstounská péče očima veřejnosti.“ Socialnipracovnici.cz, 15. října. Cit. 2. Dubna 2021 (http://socialnipracovnici.cz/public/upload/image/nada%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_fond_j&t.pdf)
STUCHLÍKOVÁ, Lucie. 2015. „Hrozí nám Norsko, varuje poslankyně a chce zrušit pěstouny.“ Aktuálně.cz, 21. ledna. Cit. 8. července 2021 (https://zpravy.aktualne.cz/domaci/hrozi-nam-norsko-varuje-poslankyne-a-chce-omezit-pestouny/r~5db86e909ff611e4bdad0025900fea04/).
Zákon č. 363/2021 Sb., Zákon, kterým se mění zákon č. 359/1999 Sb., o sociálně-právní ochraně dětí, ve znění pozdějších předpisů, a další související zákony.
Zákon č. 359/1999 Sb., o sociálně-právní ochraně dětí.
Tato práce je licencována pod Mezinárodní licencí Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 .
Copyright © 2022 Adéla Studená , Jaroslava Hasmanová Marhánková