Age and Gender Difference in ICT Literacy and Biometrics Knowledge
Roč.20,č.1(2023)
Open Issue
Accelerated digitalization during the COVID-19 pandemic and the transition from mobile phones to smartphones have increased the need for ICT literacy among the general public, including knowledge of the potential risks and their management. Generally, it is assumed that some population groups are more at risk of being left behind. Original empirical data collected in autumn 2020 as part of the PRECOBI project were used to identify the sociodemographic groups at risk of insufficient knowledge of biometrics and ICT safety. The novelty Biometrics Knowledge and ICT Safety Index (BIKIS index) was constructed to identify these and analyzed in the context of the Czech Republic. The OLS regression shows that the combination of higher age and lower education is associated with the highest risk of digital illiteracy, potentially resulting in digital exclusion. Regarding biometrics and ICT safety knowledge, the age of 50 is the cut-off point, with those with elementary and lower secondary education at a disadvantage compared to those with higher levels of education. The results show that in terms of ICT literacy, old age starts considerably earlier than in other societal contexts, which is important to note when designing ICT and biometrics-related risk mitigation strategies. The role of early life educational attainment should be supported to ensure ICT literacy in later life.
digital divide; digital exclusion; ICT literacy; biometrics; information security
Anwar, Mohd, et al. 2017. “Gender difference and employees’ cybersecurity behaviors.” Computers in Human Behavior, 69: 437–443.
Beck, Ulrich. 1992. Risk society: towards a new modernity. London: SAGE Publications.
Ben-Asher, Noam, et al. 2011. “On the need for different security methods on mobile phones.” Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Human Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services: 465-473.
Bowyer, Kevin. W. 2004. “Face recognition technology: Security versus privacy.” IEEE Technology and Society Magazine, 23(1): 9–19.
Broos, Agnetha. 2005. “Gender and information and communication technologies (ICT) anxiety: Male self-assurance and female hesitation.” CyberPsychology & Behavior, 8(1): 21–31.
Bryan, Mark. L., and Stephen P. Jenkins. 2016. “Multilevel Modelling of Country Effects: A Cautionary Tale.” European Sociological Review, 32(1): 3–22.
Byun, Sookeun, and Sang-Eun Byun. 2013. “Exploring perceptions toward biometric technology in service encounters: A comparison of current users and potential adopters.” Behaviour & Information Technology, 32(3): 217–230.
Chang, Janet, Caroline McAllister, and Rosemary McCaslin. 2015. “Correlates of, and barriers to, Internet use among older adults.” Journal of gerontological social work, 58(1): 66-85.
Clarke, Nathan L., and Stephen M. Furnell. 2005. “Authentication of users on mobile telephones – A survey of attitudes and practices.” Computers & Security, 24(7): 519–527.
CZSO. 2022. “Používání internetu jednotlivci.” Czech Statistical Office. Retrieved at June 8, 2022 (https://www.czso.cz/documents/10180/142872020/062004210201.pdf).
Dannefer, Dale. 2003. “Cumulative Advantage/Disadvantage and the Life Course: Cross-Fertilizing Age and Social Science Theory.” The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 58(6): 327–337.
Delloitte. 2020. “COVID-19: Accelerate Digitisation to Increase Resilience.” Retrieved September 14, 2021. (https://www2.deloitte.com/global/en/pages/legal/covid-19/accelerate-digitization-increase-resilience.html).
Donat, Elisabeth, Roman Brandtweiner, and Johann Kerschbaum. 2009. “Attitudes and the digital divide: Attitude measurement as instrument to predict Internet usage.” Informing Science, 12: 37.
Friemel, Thomas N. 2016. “The digital divide has grown old: Determinants of a digital divide among seniors.” New Media & Society, 18(2): 313–331.
Furnell, Steve M., Peter Bryant, and Andrew D. Phippen. 2007. “Assessing the security perceptions of personal Internet users.” Computers & Security, 26(5), 410–417.
Giralt, Mariano. 2020. “Why the experience of COVID-19 will accelerate progress towards digitalisation and automation.” Journal of Securities Operations & Custody, 13(1): 6–12.
Hassandoust, Farkhondeh, Angsana A. Techatassanasoontorn. 2020. “Understanding users’ information security awareness and intentions: A full nomology of protection motivation theory.” Cyber influence and cognitive threats. 2020: 129-143. Academic Press.
He, Jun, and Lee A. Freeman. 2010. “Are men more technology-oriented than women? The role of gender on the development of general computer self-efficacy of college students.” Journal of Information Systems Education, 21(2): 203–212.
Hoy, Mariea Grubbs, and George MILNE. 2010. “Gender differences in privacy-related measures for young adult Facebook users.” Journal of Interactive Advertising, 10(2): 28–45.
Islam, Mohammad Rafiqul. 2018. “Sample size and its role in Central Limit Theorem (CLT).” Computational and Applied Mathematics Journal, 4.1: 1-7.
Jones, Peter, et al. 2007. “Biometrics in retailing.” International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management 2007.
Kalkum, Mari, and Tarmo Kalvet. 2002. “Digital divide in Estonia and how to bridge it.” Emor and PRAXIS Centre for Policy Studies, Tallinn.
Kattel, Rainer, and Ines Mergel. 2019. Estonia’s digital transformation: Mission mystique and the hiding hand.
Kaur, Jasber, Norliana Mustafa. 2013. “Examining the effects of knowledge, attitude and behaviour on information security awareness: A case on SME.” International Conference on Research and Innovation in Information Systems, ICRIIS, 290.
McGill, Tanya, and Nick Thompson. 2018. Gender differences in information security perceptions and behaviour.
Mitzner, Tracy, et al. 2010. “Older adults talk technology: Technology usage and attitudes.” Computers in Human Behavior, 26(6), 1710–1721.
Nguyen, Dennis. 2021. “Mediatisation and datafication in the global COVID-19 pandemic: On the urgency of data literacy.” Media International Australia, 178(1): 210–214.
Oldekop, Johan A., et al. 2020. “COVID-19 and the case for global development.” World Development, 134: 105044.
Park, Hyejin, Han Sung Kim, and Han Woo Park. 2021. “A scientometric study of digital literacy, ICT literacy, information literacy, and media literacy.” Journal of Data and Information Science, 6(2): 116-138.
Pearce, Katy E., and Ronald E Rice. 2013. “Digital divides from access to activities: Comparing mobile and personal computer Internet users.” Journal of Communication, 63(4): 721–744.
Pospěch, Pavel, Miloslav Delín, and Daniela Spěšná. 2009. “Quality of life in Czech rural areas.” Agric. Econ.-Czech, 55(6): 284–295.
Pruulmann-Vengerfeldt, Pille. 2008. “Digital stratification: A closer look at the included and excluded in the digital Estonia.” Democracy, Journalism and Technology: New Developments in an Enlarged Europe, 169–181.
Ragnedda, Massimo, and Hanna Kreitem. 2018. “The three levels of digital divide in East EU countries.” World of Media. Journal of Russian Media and Journalism Studies, 1(4): 5–26.
Ramsetty, Anita, and Cristine Adams. 2020. “Impact of the digital divide in the age of COVID-19.” Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, 27(7): 1147–1148.
Riley, Chris, et al. 2009. “Culture & biometrics: Regional differences in the perception of biometric authentication technologies.” AI & Society, 24(3): 295–306.
Rui, Zhang, Zheng, Yan. 2018. “A survey on biometric authentication: Toward secure and privacy-preserving identification.” IEEE access, 7: 5994-6009.
Tsohou, Aggeliki, and Philipp Holtkamp. 2018. “Are users competent to comply with information security policies? An analysis of professional competence models.” Information Technology & People.
Van Deursen, Alexander, and Ellen J. Helsper. 2015. “A nuanced understanding of Internet use and non-use among the elderly.” European Journal of Communication, 30(2): 171–187.
Várallyai, László, and Miklós Herdon. 2013. “Reduce the Digital Gap by Increasing E-skills.” Procedia Technology, 8: 340–348.
Vidovićová, Lucie, Marcela Petrová Kafková, Barbora Hubatková, and Lucie Galčanová Batista. 2018. Stárnutí na venkově: Podoby aktivního stárnutí a kvalita života v rurálních oblastech. Praha: Sociologické nakladatelství.
Vidovićová, Lucie. 2008. Stárnutí, věk a diskriminace: Nové souvislosti. Brno: Masarykova univerzita.
Walsh, Kieran, et al. 2020. “Multidimensional Social Exclusion in Later life: Briefing Paper and a Roadmap for Future Collaborations in Research and Policy: Vol. C.” ROSEnet.
Wong, Karen Li Xian, and Amy Shields Dobson. 2019. “We’re just data: Exploring China’s social credit system in relation to digital platform ratings cultures in Westernised democracies.” Global Media and China, 4(2): 220–232.
Xie, Bo, et al. 2020. “When going digital becomes a necessity: Ensuring older adults’ needs for information, services, and social inclusion during COVID-19.” Journal of Aging & Social Policy, 32(4–5): 460–470.
Tato práce je licencována pod Mezinárodní licencí Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 .
Copyright © 2022 Tomáš Doseděl, Marcela Petrová Kafková, Lucie Vidovićová