Research of sediments of extinct Leštinský pond in the Zábřeh region
Vol.30,No.1-2(2023)
Several ponds were built in the vicinity of city of Zábřeh (Czech republic) during the 15th century, which disappeared over time, while only one (Oborník) has survived to the present day. Currently, the only proof of the existence of these ponds in the landscape are dams, preserved in varying quality. Another potential proof of the presence of ponds is pond sediment, the existence and extent of which is the subject of this text. The abandoned Leštinský pond, which is located east of Zábřeh, was chosen for this research. This pond was captured only on the maps from the 1st military mapping, it is no longer pictured in newer maps. Its presence is indicated by a partially preserved dam, not very clear in the landscape but visible from Lidar images. The pond sediments were investigated by a combination of geological survey (shallow boreholes) and geophysical prospecting (ERT and ground penetrating radar). A total of 5 drill cores were taken, on which magnetic susceptibility, grain size, elemental composition and spectral reflectance were measured. 4 facies were identified based on the lithology and the used analyses. Those facies are interpreted as a recent soil layer (facie P1), pond sediment (facie R) and fluvial sediments formed by pre-pond alluvial soil (facie P2) and coarse-grained sands (facie F). The information from geophysical survey correlates with boreholes lithology and extends this informations into space. Above all, GPR facie RF3, interpreted as the base of pond sediments, can be easily observed in GPR profiles. The obtained results provide information on the presence and thickness of the pond sediment. Pond sediment was captured in boreholes at thickness of 12 to 38 cm, with no internal pond sediment stratigraphy observed. The probable reason for such a small thickness of the sediment may be the initially small depth of the pond or the pond's summering process (“letnění”), during which no water was present in the pond and removal of the pond sediment took place in regular cycles.
Mohelnice graben; historical ponds; geophysical measurements; GPR; ERT; drill cores; laboratory analyses
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