Exploration of old mine works around the village of Kamenná (northern part of the Jihlava Ore District) – preliminary results

Vol.20,No.1-2(2013)

Petr Stöhr Karel Malý Zdeněk Dolníček

PDF (Čeština)
Abstract
The work was focused on the mineralogical and montanistic exploration of field remnants after old silver mining in the vicinity of the village of Kamenná (northern part of the Jihlava Ore District). Four smaller mining areas are primarily located between the villages of Kamenná, Dobronín, and Nové Dvory. Old mine workings (a total of 81 items) are arranged in predominant direction NE–SW and NNE–SSW in the total length of 840 m. The best preserved are the mine workings situated nearest the Kamenná. Ore is formed by quartz-dominating vein. Quartz is white to gray in colour with very frequent cavities containing crystals of rock crystal. Pyrite and black sphalerite are the most common ore minerals found in all areas. Galena, arsenopyrite, and chalcopyrite occur less frequently. Electron microprobe determined chemistry of galena (Ag content from 0.001 to 0.035 apfu), sphalerite (admixture of Fe from 0.062 to 0.118 apfu), pyrite (0.008–0.036 apfu As), arsenopyrite, chalcopyrite (both compositionally pure), and rare inclusions of pyrargyrite (Ag 1.849 to 1.914 apfu), freibergite (4.678 to 5.966 apfu Ag, 0.386 to 1.319 apfu Zn), miargyrite (0.904 apfu Ag), and boulangerite. Carbonates (dolomite-ankerite series and siderite) were rarely found in only one mining area. The secondary mineral which dominates in all areas is brown limonite forming coatings with pulverous dark yellow jarosite. Malachite, cerussite, anglesite, and skorodite occur in smaller amounts. Slag found here are highly porous and dark. Most likely they are blacksmith slags, consisting primarily of wüstite, fayalite, and glass with some relics of quartz. In the dumps of a mine work numerous archaeological finds were identified, mainly ceramic shards with roof-like edges, sometimes decorated with ribbing and yellow-green glaze, which suggest that these objects were connected with wealthy people. In addition charcoal, animal bones, and blacksmith slags were found. These findings suggest the period of mining between 13th to 14th centuries.

Keywords:
Moldanubicum; Jihlava Ore District; Kamenná; historical mining; silver; freibergite; pyrite
References

Bernard, J. H. – Čech, F. – Kopecký, L. – Dudek, A. – Hovorka, D. – Staněk, J. – Petránek, J. – Paděra, K. (1981): Mineralogie Československa, 2. vyd. Academia. Praha.

Malý, K. (1999): Jihlavský rudní revír – přehled geologie a mineralogie. – Sborník Dolování stříbra a mincování v Jihlavě, 15–27. Muzeum Vysočiny, Jihlava.

Pluskal, O. – Vosáhlo, J. (1998): Jihlavský rudní revír. – Vlastivědný sborník Vysočiny, oddíl věd přírodních, 157–191.

Pokorný, J. – Pošmourný, K. (1972): Metalogenetické mapy ČSSR 1 : 200 000, listy Liberec, Jihlava, Jindřichův Hradec – Věstník Ústředního ústavu geologického, 47, 355–363, Praha.

Sláma, J. (1996): Těžba stříbra v okolí města Jihlavy. – Jihlavský netopýr. Jihlava.

Zajíček, P. (1982): Jihlavský rudní revír a jeho mineralogie. – Národní muzeum v Praze a Společnost přátel Národního muzea. Praha.

Zimola, D. (2010): Zpráva o archeologické akci – Kamenná. – MS, závěrečná zpráva, Muzeum Vysočiny Jihlava.

Metrics

358

Views

128

PDF (Čeština) views

PDF (Čeština)