Who is Concerned by the Existence of Human Rights?

Vol.29,No.4(2021)

Abstract
The paper responds to Marek Káčer’s text „Why Should We Bother with the Question of Existence of Human Rights?“ It criticizes him for not distinguishing sufficiently between various kinds of rights (for example legal and moral rights, institutional and critical moral rights), which in turn leads to some confusions. It further criticizes him for focusing on a question that contemporary human rights philosophers do not ask. Indeed, in contemporary philosophy, human rights are not understood as bizarre objects existing in some analogy of the Platonic realm of ideas, but as norms that are valid on the basis of moral reasons. It is this position that is more thoroughly presented and analyzed in the paper (including the identification some of its advantages over the pragmatic thought framework, in which Marek Káčer recommends thinking about human rights).


Keywords:
Human Rights; Legal and Moral Rights; Institutional and Critical Moral Rights; Legal and Moral Reasons; Validity; Critical Morality; Justification; Normative Ethics.

Pages:
801–812
Author biography

Martin Hapla

Department of Legal Theory; Faculty of Law, Masaryk University, Brno

Assistant professor
References

BARRETO, José-Manuel. Rorty and Human Rights. Contingency, Emotions and How to Defend Human Rights Telling Stories. Utrecht Law Review, 2011, roč. 7, č. 2. DOI https://doi.org/10.18352/ulr.164

BENHABIB, Seyla. The Rights of Others: Aliens, Residents, and Citizens. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004. DOI https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511790799

BENHABIB, Seyla. Dignity in Adversity: Human Rights in Turbulent Times. Cambridge: Polity Press, 2011.

BIX, Brian H. A Dictionary of Legal Theory. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004, s. 125–126.

CAMPBELL, Tom. Human Rights: Moral or Legal? In: KINLEY, David, Wojciech SADURSKI a Kevin WALTON (eds.). Human Rights: Old Problems, New Possibilities. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 2013.

ETINSON, Adam et al. Human Rights: Moral or Political? Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2018. DOI https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198713258.001.0001

FEINBERG, Joel. The Nature and Value of Rights. The Journal of Value Inquiry, 1970, roč. 4, č. 4. DOI https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00137935

FREEMAN, Michael. Human Rights. An Interdisciplinary Approach. Cambridge: Polity Press, 2011.

GERT, Bernard. Morality. Its Nature and Justification. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005. DOI https://doi.org/10.1093/0195176898.003.0001

GEWIRTH, Alan. Reason and Morality. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1978.

GEWIRTH, Alan. The Epistemology of Human Rights. Social Philosophy & Policy, 1984, roč. 1, č. 2. DOI https://doi.org/10.1017/S0265052500003836

GILBERT, Margaret. Rights and Demands. A Foundational Inquiry. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2018, s. 29; NICKEL, James W. Making Sense of Human Rights. 2. vyd. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing, 2007.

HAPLA, Martin. Utilitarismus a lidská práva. Časopis pro právní vědu a praxi, Brno: Právnická fakulta MU, 2020, roč. 28, č. 3. DOI https://doi.org/10.5817/CPVP2020-3-1. Dostupné z: https://journals.muni.cz/cpvp/article/view/13459

HART, H. L. A. Law, Liberty, and Morality. Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, 1982.

KÁČER, Marek a Jakub NEUMANN. Materiálne jadro v slovenskom ústavnom práve: doktrinálny disent proti zrušeniu sudcovských previerok. Praha: Leges, 2019, 150 s.

KÁČER, Marek. Načo sa trápiť s otázkou existencie ľudských práv? Časopis pro právní vědu a praxi, Brno: Právnická fakulta MU, 2020, roč. 28, č. 4. DOI https://doi.org/10.5817/CPVP2020-4-1. Dostupné z: https://journals.muni.cz/cpvp/article/view/13725

MACINTYRE, Alasdair. Ztráta ctnosti. K morální krizi současnosti. Praha: Oikoymenh, 2004.

ONDŘEJEK, Pavel. Princip proporcionality a jeho role při interpretaci základních práv a svobod. Praha: Leges, 2012.

RORTY, Richard. Human Rights, Rationality and Sentimentality. In: SAVIĆ, Obrad et al. The Politics of Human Rights. London: Verso, 1999.

SIECKMANN, Jan R. Human Rights and the Claim to Correctness in the Theory of Robert Alexy. In: PAVLAKOS, George (ed.). Law, Rights and Discourse. Themes from the Legal Philosophy of Robert Alexy. Portland: Hart Publishing, 2007.

SOBEK, Tomáš. Lidská práva existují objektivně. Právník, 2019, roč. 158, č. 8.

SOBEK, Tomáš, Martin HAPLA a kol. Filosofie práva. Brno: Nugis Finem Publishing, 2020.

Metrics

358

Views

216

PDF (Čeština) views