Umění království Benin

Roč.5,č.2(2014)

Abstrakt
Předmětem studie je deskripce, klasifikace, analýza a interpretace funkcí a významů uměleckých artefaktů, které se dochovaly z období rozkvětu království Benin. Studie prezentuje konkrétní umělecké předměty v kontextu dlouhodobé historické kontinuity starých nigerijských kultur. V ohnisku analýzy je zejména problematika výroby bronzových artefaktů, jejich typologie, význam a funkce v rámci beninského kulturního systému. Interpretovány jsou různé typy uměleckých děl – bronzové desky, pamětní hlavy, slonovinové artefakty, oltáře předků, oltáře rukou nebo rituální tyče. Opomíjeny nejsou ani šperky, dřevěné řezby užitných, dekorativních i rituálních předmětů a zvířecí skulptury. Cílem studie je také upozornit na skutečnost, že beninské artefakty, které se v důsledku britské invaze do Beninu roku 1897 ocitly ve sbírkách předních světových muzeí, změnily svoji původní funkci a dnes jsou vnímány jako svébytná třída uměleckých děl.

Klíčová slova:
království Benin; umění; artefakty; bronzy; výroba; cechy
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