Precontest Weight Loss And Its Effect On Body Composition
Vol.7,No.1(2013)
The aim of our study was to monitor changes in individual components of body composition due to reduction in body weight in judo players. This pre-contest weight reduction is very common in combat sports and it can have negative impact not only on performance but also on health. The research group consisted of 11 judo players, aged between 17-27 years from the Czech Republic. The measurement of body composition had two parts; the first was before body weight reduction and the second part at the end of body weight reduction. For the measurement of body composition, we used multifrequency bioimpedance analyzer BIA 2000 - M. The results of our study show that rapid intensive weight reduction is reflected in varying degrees in all parameters of body composition. We noticed a reduction of body weight by an average of 4.7% (approximately 3.8 kg), the weight loss ranged from 1.6 kg to 8.1 kg. The greatest changes in the parameters of body composition were detected in the extracellular water (ECW), there was a decrease of this parameter on average by 13.8 %, while total body water (TBW) decreased by 6.0 %. There was also a reduction in the amount of body fat by 13.2 %. The amount of extracellular mass (ECM) decreased by 9.8 %, the ratio of ECM/BCM by 8.9 % and the amount of fat-free mass (FFM) decreased by 4.0 %. Only in intracellular water (ICW), was there a slight increase by 1.4 %, which may be due to the redistribution of body fluids. Changes, in particular parameters of body composition were statistically and substantively significant.
judo; body weight reduction; body composition; bioelectrical impedance
Andreoli, A., Melchiorri, G., Brozzi, M., Di Marco, A., Volpes, S. L., Garofano, P., Di Daniele, N. & De Lorenzo, A. (2003). Effect of different sports on body cell mass in highly trained athletes. Acta Diabetol, 40.https://doi.org/10.1007/s00592-003-0043-9
Data Input (2004). Manuál Nutri 4 – Multifrekvency Software for the Determination of Body Water, Body Composition and Nutritional Status. Instruction for Use, Firma Data Input GmBH, Trakenher Strasse 5, 60487,Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Forbes, G. B. (1987). Human body composition. New York: Springer Verlag.
Havlíčková a kol. (1999). Fyziologie tělesné zátěže I. Obecná část. Praha: Karolinum.
Heyward, V., H., Stolarczyk, L., M. (1996). Applied body composition assessment. Champaign: Human Kinetics.
Horswill, C.A. (2009). Making Weight in Combat Sports. Combat Sports Medicine, Springer London, 21-39.
Ishiguro, N. et al. (2005). A comparison of tree bioelectrical impedance analyses for predicting lean body mass in a population with a large difference in muscularity. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol., r. 94, č. 1-2, s. 25-35.
Malá, L., Malý, T., Zahálka F. (2008). Profil telesného zloženia juniorských reprezentantov v jude. Česká kinantropologie, Vol. 12, č. 3, s. 94 -103.
Nedorostová, J. (1977). Shazování váhy. Československý sport.
Pařízková, J. (1998). Složení těla, metody měření a využití ve výzkumu a lékařské praxi. Med. sport. bohem.slov., 7 (1): 1-6.
Ransone, J., Hughest, B. (2004). Body-Weight Fluctuation in Collegiate Wrestlers: Implications of the National Collegiate Athletic Association Weight-Certification Program. Journal of Athletic Training, 39 (2), 162-168.
Roche, F. A., Heymsfield, S. B., Lohman, T. G. (1996). Human Body Composition. Human Kinetics.
Sinning, W. E. Body composition in athletes. In Roche, A. F., Heymsfield, S. B., Lohman, T. G. (eds.) (1996).Human body composition. Human Kinetic: Champaign.
Štěpánek, J. a kol. (1990). Judo (metodický popis). 1. vyd. Praha: Tělovýchovná škola.
Umeda, T., Nakaji, S., Shimoyama, T. et al. (2004). Adverse effects of energy restriction on changes in immunoglobulins and complements during weight reduction in judoists. Journal of Sports Medicine & Physical Fitness, Vol. 44 Issue 3, 328-334.
Wilmore, J. H., Costill, D. L. (1994). Physiology of Sport and Exercise. Human Kinetics, Champaign.
Yoshioka, Y., Umeda, T., Nakaji, S., Kojima, A., Tanabe, M., Mochida, N., Suguwara, K. (2006). Gender Differences in the Psychological Response to Weight Reduction in Judoists. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, Human Kinetics, Japan, 16, 187-198.https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.16.2.187
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Copyright © 2017 Studia sportiva