Assessment of the Hamstring Load of Female Beach Volleyball Players of a Wider Representative Selection of the U16 Category During the Block Jump Using Surface Electromyography
Vol.19,No.1(2025)
Blocking in beach volleyball appears to be an axisymmetric movement - in contrast to an attacking strike or serve, which stress the musculoskeletal system unilaterally. When jumping on a block, the player squats and jumps from this position, so we can say that it is a squat with a jump. In the pre-jump phase, the quadriceps femoris, hip extensors (gluteus maximus and hamstrings) and trunk extensors are engaged. This study deals with this game activity from the point of view of unilateral loading and the involvement of individual muscles in the course of jumping onto a block. The aim of the study is to evaluate the involvement of the hamstring muscle group in female beach volleyball players of a wider representative selection under 16 years (n = 11) average age 13.1 (SD = 0.67) and to find out whether this game activity of the individual is axially symmetrical, at the same time we will assess whether the biceps femoris muscle is more involved in the block jump or if it is the semitendinosus. The main method used was surface electromyography (EMG) and descriptive, inferential statistics methods. For the measurements, we used stable conditions, the blockers did not move, they stood directly against the ball, which was thrown by a member of the research team above the level of the net within the reach of the blocker. Results: the jump to the block is laterally symmetrical in 36% of attempts, in 45% of attempts the right leg is more loaded and in 18% the left leg. Biceps and semitendinosus participate equally in 27% of the block jump. In 27% of the group, the biceps femoris is more involved in this movement task, and in 27% of the cases, the semitendinosus is more involved. Despite the description of individual tendencies in the group, statistical significance was not confirmed in any phase of the movement for any muscle. We recommend a more detailed research solution to this issue.
unilateral loading; volleyball; blocking; jump squat; landing technique; EMG
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