The Effect of Physical Activities on Somatic Parameters of Masaryk University Students – Some Selected Results
Vol.16,No.2(2022)
Purpose: The current trend is an increasing sedentary lifestyle in all age categories. Among university students, there is an alarming decline in physical activity while increasing the percentage of total body fat compared to high school students. The main goal of the study is to describe the current state of body composition of university students and to assess the impact of physical activity/inactivity in this specific age group, which has changed very dynamically in recent years due to the coronavirus pandemic. Methods: A total of 358 probands with a mean age of 20.87 ± 1.43 years were involved in the research, of which 234 women (65.4%) had a height of 167.9 ± 6.3 cm and a body weight of 61.3 ± 10.0 kg, BMI 21.7 ± 3.2, body fat 25.9 ± 6.4%, skeletal muscle mass 24.7 ± 3.3% and 124 men (34.6%) with body height 180.9 ± 7.7 cm, body weight 77.6 ± 12.4 kg, BMI 23.6 ± 2.8, body fat 15.8 ± 5.4%, skeletal muscle mass 37.0 ± 5.6%. For the purposes of valid categorization into high active, minimally active, and inactive probands, the International Standardized Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used, which monitors physical activity in the last 7 days. The questionnaire includes questions regarding the frequency and time spent in each intensity of physical activity, as well as the time spent sitting. The non-invasive method of bioelectric tetrapolar impedance using the InBody 230 device was used for the analysis of somatic parameters. The Takei hand dynamometer was used for the diagnosis of muscle strength. Some selected results: According to IPAQ, probands were classified as inactive (16%), minimally active (58%) and high active (25%). The analysis of selected aspects of physical activity shows that men are more active than women, but both sexes spend more than 5.5 hours a day sitting on average. A total of 39% of probands have a higher level of total body fat than the recommended norms. Conclusion: The study showed that lower levels of physical activity are associated with higher values of total body fat in university students. At the same time, within our sample both sexes out of 84% comply with general recommendations regarding the volume and intensity of physical activity.
physical activity; body composition; IPAQ; body fat; skeletal muscle mass; university students
283–291
American College Health Association. National College Health Assessment Reference Group
(2008) Executive Summary Fall 2008. http://www.acha-ncha.org/docs/ACHA-NCHA_Reference_Group_ExecutiveSummary_Fall2008.pdf
Anderson LJ, Erceg DN, Schroeder ET. (2012). Utility of multifrequency bioelectrical impedance compared with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry for assessment of total and regional body composition varies between men and women. Nutr Res N Y N, 32:479e85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nutres.2012.05.009.
Antošová, D., Beneš, Č., Csémy, L., Částková, J., Fabiánová, K., Filipová, V., … Žejglicová, (2014). Zpráva o zdraví obyvatel České republiky. Ministerstvo zdravotnictví České republiky, Praha. http://www.mzcr.cz/verejne/dokumenty/zprava-o-zdravi-obyvatel-ceske-republiky2014-_9420_3016_5.html.
Biospace. (2008). InBody 230 - User's Manual. https://nl.inbody.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/InBody230_CDmanual_Eng_L.pdf
Blair, S. N. (2009). Physical inactivity: The biggest public health problem of the 21st century. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 43(1), 1–2.
Bray, S.R., Born, H.A. (2004). Transition to university and vigorous physical activity: implications for health and psychological well-being during transition to university life. J. Am. Coll. Health, 52, 181-188.
Craig, C. L. – Marshall, A. L., et al. (2003). International physical aktivity questionnaire: 12-country reliability and validity. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise,. 35(8), 1381-1395.
Daňková, Š., Láchová, J., (2010). Evropské výběrové šetření o zdravotním stavu v ČR – EHIS CR (Index tělesné hmotnosti, fyzická aktivita, spotřeba ovoce a zeleniny). Praha: ÚZIS ČR.
Ekelund U., Sepp H, Brage S., Becker W., Jakes R., Hennings M., Wareham NJ. (2006).
Criterion-related validity of the last 7-day, short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire in swedish adults. Public Health Nutr 9 (2):258-265.
Friedenreich, C.M. (2011). Physical activity and breast cancer: Review of the epidemiologic evidence and biologic mechanisms. Recent Results Cancer Res., 188, 125–139.
Frömel, K., Novosad, J., Svozil, Z. (1999). Pohybová aktivita a sportovní zájmy mládeže. 1. vyd. Olomouc: UP.
Hallal, P. C., Andersen, L. B., Bull, F. C., Guthold, R., Haskell, W., & Ekelund, U. (2012).
Global physical activity levels: Surveillance progress, pitfalls, and prospects. Lancet, 380(9838), 247–257. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60646-1
Heyward, V. D., & Wagner, D. R. (2004). Applied body composition assessment. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
International Physical Activity Questionnaire. (2006). Guidelines for data processing and analysis of the international physical activity questionnaire - short and long forms. http://www.ipaq.ki.se.
Jeon, C.Y., Lokken, R.P.; Hu, F.B., Van Dam, R.M. (2007). Physical activity of moderate intensity and risk of type 2 diabetes: A systematic review. Diabetes Care, 30, 744–752.
Keating, X. D., Guan, J., Piñero, J. C., & Bridges, D. M. (2005). A meta-analysis of college students' physical activity behaviors. Journal of American college health : J of ACH, 54(2), 116–125. https://doi.org/10.3200/JACH.54.2.116-126
Kvintová, J., Sigmund, M. (2016). Physical activity, body composition and health assessment in current female University students with active and inactive lifestyles. Journal of Physical Education and Sport. 16 (1), 627 – 632.
Kyle UG, Bosaeus I, De Lorenzo A, et al. (2004). Bioelectrical impedance analysis part I: review of principles and methods. Clin Nutr.,23(5): 1226–1243.
Lane, N.E. (2006). Epidemiology, etiology, and diagnosis of osteoporosis. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 19, S3–S11.
Máček, M., Radvanský, J. et al. (2011). Fyziologie a klinické aspekty pohybové aktivity. 1.vyd. Galén.
Magoc, D., Tomaka, J., Thompson, S. (2010). Overweight, obesity and strong attitudes: predicting participation in physical activity in a predominantly Hispanic college population. Health Education J, 69(4): 427-38.
Nykodým, J., Zvonař, M. a Sebera, M. (2011). Pohybová aktivita studentů Masarykovy univerzity. Studia sportiva, 5, 57-63.
Pietiläinen, K.H., Kaprio, J., Borg, P., Plasqui, G., Yki-Järvinen, H., Kujala, U.M., Rose, R.J., Westerterp, K.R., Rissanen, A. (2008). Physical inactivity and obesity: A vicious circle. Obesity, 16, 409–414.
Reiner, M., Niermann, C., Jekauc, D., Woll, A. (2013). Long-term health benefits of physical activity—A systematic review of longitudinal studies. BMC Public Health, 13,
Rychtecký, A., Tilinger, P. (2017). Životní styl české mládeže: pohybová aktivita, standardy a normy motorické výkonosti. Karolinum.
Sacheck, J.M., Kuder, J.F., Economos, C.D. (2010). Physical fitness, adiposity, and metabolic risk factors in young college students. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., 42, 1039-1044.
Sallis, J. F., Bull, F., Guthold, R., Heath, G. W., Inoue, S., Kelly, P., . . . Hallal, P. C. (2016). Progress in physical activity over the Olympic quadrennium. Lancet, 388(10051), 1325–1336. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30581-5
Sattelmair, J., Pertman, J., Ding, E.L., Kohl, H.W., III; Haskell, W., Lee, I.M. (2011). Dose response between physical activity and risk of coronary heart disease: A meta- analysis. Circulation, 124, 789–795.
Savegnago, M., Cheli, V., Jordao, J., Alceu A., Covolo, N. (2014). Relationship between body composition and level of physical activity among university students. Revista Chilena de Nutrición, 41(1),46-53.
Sigmundová, D., Chmelík, F., Sigmund, E., Feltlová, D., Frömel, K. (2013). Physical activity in the lifestyle of Czech university students: Meeting health recommendations. European Journal of Sport Science, 13(6), 744-750. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2013.776638
Sofková, T., Přidalová, M., Dostálová, I., & Pelclová, J. (2011). Změna tukové frakce u obézních žen ve vztahu k doporučené pohybové aktivitě. Česká antropologie, 61(1), 39–44.
Warburton, D.E., Nicol, C.W., Bredin, S.S. (2006). Health benefits of physical activity: The evidence. Can. Med. Assoc. J., 174, 801–809.
Weyerer, S. (1992). Physical Inactivity and Depression in the Community. Int. J. Sports Med., 13, 492–496.
Wolin, K.Y., Yan, Y., Colditz, G.A., Lee, I.M. (2009). Physical activity and colon cancer prevention: A meta-analysis. British Journal Cancer, 100, 611.
World Health Organization. (2020). Global recommendations on physical activity for health, https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241599979
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Copyright © 2023 Studia sportiva