BMI Indicators in Children with Intellectual Disabilities
Vol.13,No.1(2019)
Nowadays, the problematics of obesity in people with intellectual disabilities and who are limited by their handicap in their everyday lives, is getting more and more to the forefront. Currently, there is a lack of real data for the population of children with intellectual disabilities. The aim of the research is to find out whether children with intellectual disabilities in early and middle adolescence have a tendency towards obesity and how many children have a normal weight in comparison with the general population. What are the differences in the BMI indicators between boys and girls and if any of the development stages in boys and girls is connected with obesity? What is the proportion of each level of intellectual disabilities between boys and girls and if there is a bigger tendency to obesity in a certain level of intellectual disability? Quantitative and comparative research with deduction were the used methods. The machine InBody was used for finding out the BMI indicators. In total, 35 children from two special elementary schools participated in the research. The result of the research is as follows: More than half of the children with intellectual disabilities in early and middle adolescence had weight in the normal range of the general population of the same age. In boys, there is an assumption that they will have a lower BMI in middle adolescence than they had in the previous stage of early adolescence. On the contrary, in girls, there is an assumption that their BMI will be higher in middle adolescence than it was in their previous stage of early adolescence. Obesity in boys is connected with early adolescence and the mild and the moderate level of intellectual disabilities. In girls, obesity is connected with middle adolescence and the mild level of intellectual disabilities. The findings suggest that children with intellectual disabilities have similar BMI indicators as healthy Czech children because obesity is found in the same degree in both groups.
children with intellectual disabilities; special elementary school; the BMI indicator; level of intellectual disabilities; obesity
Bittles, A. H., Petterson, B. A., Sullivan, S. G., Hussain, R., Glasson, E. J., & Montgomery, P. D. (2002). The influence of intellectual disability on life expectancy. The Journals of Gerontology, 57, 470-472. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/57.7.M470
Cooper, S. A., Melville, C., & Morrison, J. (2004). People with intellectual disabilities. Journal of BMJ, 329, 414-415. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.329.7463.414
Duramy, B. F. (2018). Childhood obesity and positive obligations: a child rights-based approach. Journal of Seattle University Law, 42, 87-128.
Eurozprávy.cz (2018). Obézních dětí v Česku přibývá: za 20 let jich je dvakrát tolik. Retrieved from https://eurozpravy.cz/domaci/spolecnost/235777-obeznich-deti-v-cesku-pribyva-za-20-let-jich-je-dvakrat-tolik/ (accessed December 29, 2018)
ČSOB (2017). Rozdíly mezi muži a ženami. Retrieved from https://www.csobnazdravi.cz/news/dil-4-rozdily-mezi-muzi-a-zenami/ (accessed January 6, 2019)
Havercamp, S. M., Scandline, D., & Roth, M. (2004). Health disparities among adults with developmental disabilities, and adults not reporting disability in north Carolina. Journal of Public Health Reports, 119, 418-426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phr.2004.05.006
Hsieh, K., Rimmer, J. H., & Heller, T. (2014). Obesity and associated factors in adults with intellectual disability. Journal of Intellect Disabilities, 58, 851-863. https://doi.org/10.1111/jir.12100
ALFABET (2014). Mentální postižení. Retrieved from https://www.alfabet.cz/informace-o-typech-zdravotniho-postizeni/mentalni-postizeni (accessed November 11, 2018)
Melville, C. A., Hamilton, S., Hankey, C.R., Miller, S., & Boyle, S. (2007). The prevalence and determinations of obesity in adults with intellectual disabilities. Journal of Obesity, 8, 223-230. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-789X.2006.00296.x
NICM (2014). Klasifikace mentálního postižení. Retrieved from http://www.nicm.cz/klasifikace-mentalniho-postizeni (accessed December 29, 2018)
Patja, K., Iivanainen, M., Vesela, H., Oksanen, H., & Ruoppila, I. (2000). Life expectancy of people with intellectual disability: a 35-year follow up study. Journal of Intellect Disabilities, 44, 591-599. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2788.2000.00280.x
Pavlas, I. (2011). Výkonová motivace a interpersonální potřeby. Ostrava: Pedagogická fakulta Ostravské univerzity v Ostravě.
Rimmer, J. H., & Yamaki, K. (2006). Obesity and intellectual disability. Journal of Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews, 12, 70-82. https://doi.org/10.1002/mrdd.20091
Stancliffe, R. J., Lakin, K. C., Larson, S., Engler, J., Bershadsky, J., Taub, S. Fortune, J. & Ticha, R. (2011). Overweight and obesity aboung adults with intellectual disabilities who use intellectual disability/developmental disability services in 20 U.S. The American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 116, 401-418. https://doi.org/10.1352/1944-7558-116.6.401
Švarcová, I. (2000). Mentální retardace: Vzdělávání, výchova, sociální péče. Praha: Portál.
Tanu, G., Manju, M., Rajesh, S., & Vandana, J. (2018). Psychopathology and stress in Indian overweight and obese children: a case control study. Journal of Indian Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 14, 46-59.
Tyler, C. V., Schramm, S., Karafa, M., Tang A. S., & Jain, A. (2010). Electronic Health Record analysis of the primary care of adults with intellectual and other developmental disabilities. Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities, 3, 204-210. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-1130.2010.00266.x
Vágnerová, M. (2000). Vývojová psychologie: dětství, dospělost, stáří. Praha: Portál.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Copyright © 2019 Studia sportiva