K pojmu státního občanství obecně a státního občanství ČR zvláště

The author of the present study deals with some problems of understanding of the citizenship. He describes other meanigs of the notion of the citizeship: a) citizenship of a certain municipality; b) citizenship in a broader sence (appropria­teness to the state including legal persons, ships, aircrafts); c) distinction between citizeship in municipallaw and nationality in international law and d) the citizeship of the European Union (Art. 8-8e of the Maastricht Treaty). He points out such criteria of the Czech citizeship as permanence regardless time and territory, exc­lusivity in view of public law, personality, effectivity of protection, immediateness the relationship between citizens and their state without mediation by e.g. the municipality and equality regardless the manner of acquisition of the citizeship.