Decision-making according to Ex Aequo Et Bono in Cases Tainted by Corruption in the International Commercial Arbitration

Vol.27,No.2(2019)

Abstract
Decision-making ex aequo et bono in international commercial arbitration is a relatively common phenomenon. The strictness of national rules does not allow the parties flexibility in disputes, that they need in view of long-standing business relationships. The fact that national law does not apply to arbitration does not mean that the arbitrators do not have the tools they can use in cases where they detect the corruption of parties directly related to the dispute in question. While arbitrators cannot go beyond their powers, they still have an obligation to investigate and enforce public order. This must also be done in cases where they decide ex aequo et bono.

Keywords:
Corruption; Ex Aequo Et Bono; Arbitration.

Pages:
227–242
Author biography

Michaela Garajová

Department of International and European Law, Faculty of Law, Masaryk University, Brno

Ph.D. student
References

ADEREMI, Adeyinka. Ex Aequo Et Bono Arbitration: To Be or Not To Be. Streamsowers & Köhn, 2016. Dostupné z: http://www.sskohn.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/Ex-Aequo-Et-Bono-Arbitration.pdf

ALBANESI, Ch. a E. JOLIVER. Dealing with Corruption in Arbitration: A Review of ICC Experience. Special Supplement 2013: Tackling Corruption in Arbitration, 2013. Dostupné z: https://library.iccwbo.org/

CREMADES, Bernardo a David CAIRNS. Transnational Public Policy in International Arbitral Decision-making: The case of bribery, money laundering and fraud. In: KARSTEN, Kristine a Andrew BERKELEY (kol.). Arbitration – Money Laundering, Corruption and Fraud. Paríž: ICC Publishing s.a., 2003, s. 65-91.

FORTIER, L. Y. Arbitrators, corruption, and the poetic experience: ‘When power corrupts, poetry cleanses’. Arbitration International, 2015, roč. 31, č. 3, s. 367-380. DOI https://doi.org/10.1093/arbint/aiv029. Dostupné z: https://academic.oup.com/arbitration/article-abstract/31/3/367/283289?redirectedFrom=fulltext

IUDICA, Giovanni. Ex Aequo et Bono. Three Cases of Arbitration, and Some Remarks About Equity. National Italian American Bar Association Law Journal, 2013, roč. 21, č. 37, s. 37-46. Dostupné z: http://www.heinonline.org

MANIRUZZAMAN, A. F. M. The Arbitrator’s Prudence in Lex Mercatoria: Amiable Composition And Ex Aequo Et Bono In Decision Making. Mealey's International Arbitration Report, 2003, roč. 18, s. 1-8. Dostupné z: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1342336

MAYER, P. Effect of International Public Policy in International Arbitration. In: MISTELIS, L. A. a J. M. LEW. Pervasive problems in international arbitration. Alphen aan den Rijn: Kluwer Law International, 2006, s. 61-69.

MAYER, P. a A. SHEPPARD. Final ILA Report on Public Policy as a Bar to Enforcement of International Arbitral Awards. Arbitration International, 2003, roč. 19, č. 2, s. 249-263. DOI https://doi.org/10.1093/arbitration/19.2.249. Dostupné z: https://academic.oup.com/arbitration/article-abstract/19/2/249/210560?redirectedFrom=PDF

MOURRE, A. Arbitration and Criminal Law: Reflections on the Duties of the Arbitrator. Arbitration International, 2006, roč. 22, č. 1, s. 95-118. DOI https://doi.org/10.1093/arbitration/22.1.95. Dostupné z: https://academic.oup.com/arbitration/article-abstract/22/1/95/193298?redirectedFrom=PDF

PAVIĆ, V. Bribery and International Commercial Arbitration - The Role of Mandatory Rules and Public Policy. Victoria University of Wellington Law Review, 2012, roč. 43, s. 661-686. Dostupné z: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2252499. https://doi.org/10.26686/vuwlr.v43i4.5016

ROZEHNALOVA, N. Rozhodčí řízení v mezinárodním a vnitrostátním obchdoním styku. 3. aktualizované vydání. Praha: Wolters Kluwer ČR, 2013, 400 s. ISBN 978-80-7478-004-2.

SAYED, Abdulhay. Corruption in international trade and commercial arbitration. The Hague: Kluwer Law International, 2004, 482 s. ISBN 90-411-2236-2.

SRINIVASAN, D., H. PATHAK, P. PANJWANI a P. VARMA. Effect of bribery in international commercial arbitration. International Journal of Public Law and Policy, 2014, roč. 4, č. 2, s. 131-146. DOI https://doi.org/10.1504/IJPLAP.2014.060080. Dostupné z: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/264821911_Effect_of_bribery_in_international_commercial_arbitration

TRAKMAN, Leon. Ex Aequo et Bono: Demystifying an Ancient Concept. Chicago Journal of International Law, 2008, roč. 8, s. 621-642. Dostupné z: https://chicagounbound.uchicago.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=https://www.google.com/&httpsredir=1&article=1669&context=cjil

WILSKE, S. Sanctions for Unethical and Illegal Behavior in International Arbitration: A Double-Edged Sword. Contemporary Asia Arbitration Journal, 2010, roč. 3, č. 2, s. 211-235. Dostupné z: http://www.heinonline.org

Ostatní

Dohovor o uznaní a výkonu cudzích rozhodcovských nálezov. United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) [online]. Dostupné z: http://www.uncitral.org/uncitral/en/uncitral_texts/arbitration/NYConvention.html

Final Award in Case 7407. ICC International Court of Arbitration Bulletin, 1997, roč. 18, č. 1, s. 61. Dostupné z: https://library.iccwbo.org/

Final Award in Case 10728. ICC International Court of Arbitration Bulletin, 2007, roč. 18, č. 1, s. 101. Dostupné z: https://library.iccwbo.org/

Final Award in Case 12070. ICC International Court of Arbitration Bulletin, 2007, roč. 18, č. 1, s. 108. Dostupné z: https://library.iccwbo.org/

Final Award in Case 12772. ICC International Court of Arbitration Bulletin, 2007, roč. 18, č. 1, s. 112. Dostupné z: https://library.iccwbo.org/

Final Award in Case 12990. Special Supplement 2013: Tackling Corruption in Arbitration, 2013. Dostupné z: https://library.iccwbo.org/

Poriadok rozhodcovského súdu pri Hospodárskej komore Českej republiky a Agrárnej komore Českej republiky. Rozhodcovský súd pre Hospodárskej komore Českej republiky a Agrárnej komore Českej republiky [online]. Dostupné z: https://www.soud.cz/rady/rad-rozhodciho-soudu-01-07-2012-uz-01-10-2015

Rozhodcovských pravidiel medzinárodného arbitrážneho súdu v Paríži, účinné od 1. marca 2017. International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) [online]. Dostupné z: http://www.iccwbo.org/products-and-services/arbitration-and-adr/arbitration/icc-rules-of-arbitration/

Vzorový zákon Komisie OSN pre medzinárodné obchodné právo UNCITRAL (1985), účinný od 2006. Komisia OSN pre medzinárodné obchodné právo (UNCITRAL) [online]. Dostupné z: http://www.uncitral.org/uncitral/en/uncitral_texts/arbitration/1985Model_arbitration.html

Uznesenia Ústavného súdu Českej republiky z dňa 28. 1. 2009 vo veci Pl. ÚS 37/08.

Metrics

0


416

Views

113

PDF (Čeština) views