AI in Academic Writing of PhD Medical Students
the Institutional Approach and Students´ Attitudes
Vol.14,No.2(2024)
CASALC Review
The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in higher education has significantly impacted teaching and learning methodologies, particularly in medical education for doctoral students. This paper explores the role of AI in enhancing academic writing and language skills, with a specific focus on Czech universities. The theoretical section of the study provides an analysis of Czech universities' approaches to adopting AI technologies in higher education, assessing both the advantages and disadvantages of AI implementation in academic settings. The practical part of the research consists of both quantitative and qualitative analyses. The quantitative component focuses on gathering data on students' academic backgrounds and experience with digital tools, while the qualitative section explores students' attitudes toward AI usage, particularly in relation to reliability, trust, and ethics. The paper aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the role AI plays in language instruction and academic writing for PhD medical students, while also addressing the broader implications of AI adoption in higher education.
Artificial intelligence, academic writing, PhD medical students, institutional approach, students´ perspectives
Veronika Glogarová
Lékařská fakulta Univerzity Palackého Olomouc
Veronika Glogarová studied English and Russian philology at the Faculty of Arts of Palacký University and later also studied psychology there. She is currently the head of the Center for Teaching Foreign Languages at the Faculty of Medicine of the Palacký University in Olomouc (LF UP), where she teaches English for the study programs in General Medicine and Public Health; at the same time, she also organizes advanced English courses for employees of UP Faculty of Medicine. Moreover, she teaches “Writing for Publication: The Process” courses for DSP students and runs the academic Writing Lab academic consultancy. Her expertise focuses on English in healthcare, stylistic and cultural aspects of academic writing, and contrastive rhetoric.
AI, O. (2024). ChatGPT. Retrieved 2024, from www.chatgpt.com
Alasmari, A. M.-Z. (2024, July 13). Exploring the impact of artificial intelligence on higher education: The dynamics of ethical, social, and educational implications. Humanit Soc Sci Commun 11. doi:https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-024-03432-4
Association, E. U. (2023, February 14). Artificial intelligence tools and their responsible use in higher education learning and teaching. Retrieved June 5, 2023, from https://www.eua.eu/publications/positions/artificial-intelligence-tools-and-their-responsible-use-in-higher-education-learning-and-teaching.html
Association, E. U. (2023, February 14). Artificial intelligence tools and their responsible use in higher education learning and teaching. Retrieved from EUA: https://www.eua.eu/publications/positions/artificial-intelligence-tools-and-their-responsible-use-in-higher-education-learning-and-teaching.html
Ayala-Pazmiňo, M. (2023, May). Artificial Intelligence in Education: Exploring the Potential Benefits and Risks. Digital Publisher CEIT. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/370474286_Artificial_Intelligence_in_Education_Exploring_the_Potential_Benefits_and_Risks Çela, E. (2024, January). Risks of AI-Assisted Learning on Student Critical Thinking. International Journal of Risk and Contingency Management (IJRCM), 12(1), pp. 1-19. doi:http://doi.org/10.4018/IJRCM.350185
Copyright Law of the United States. (2022). Dana Brin, V. S. (2023, October 1). Comparing ChatGPT and GPT-4 performance in USMLE soft skill assessments. Nature. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-43436-9
Education, F. o. (2023, April). PdF UP k problematice využívání umělé inteligence. Retrieved 2024, from https://www.pdf.upol.cz/nc/zprava/clanek/pdf-up-k-problematice-vyuzivani-umele-inteligence/
Emmorey, B. R. (2021, June 16). Grammarly Review: Pros, Cons, and Best Features for Writing. Retrieved september 30, 2024, from https://self-publishingschool.com/grammarly-review/
G.R.Angadi, B. K. (2023). Potential Risks of Artificial Intelligence Integration into School Education: A Systematic Review. Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society, 43(3-4), pp. 67-85. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/02704676231224705
Hirsch-Kreinsen, H. (2023, january 18). Artificial intelligence: a “promising technology”. AI & SOCIETY, pp. 1641–1652. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-023-01629-w
Johanna Fleckenstein, J. M. (2024, June). Do teachers spot AI? Evaluating the detectability of AI-generated texts among student essays. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, Volume 6. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeai.2024.100209.
Kyoungwon Seo, J. T. (2021, October 26). The impact of artificial intelligence on learner–instructor interaction in online learning. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education volume. doi:doi.org/10.1186/s41239-021-00292-9
Luke Zaphir, J. M. (2023, June 17). Is critical thinking the answer to generative AI? Retrieved from https://www.timeshighereducation.com/campus/critical-thinking-answer-generative-ai
MacGregor, K. (2023, February 18). Adapt to and invest in AI, don’t ban it – European universities. Retrieved from University World News: https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=2023021805342913
Microsoft. (2024, September 27). Microsoft 365. Retrieved September 30, 2024, from https://learn.microsoft.com/cs-cz/copilot/microsoft-365/microsoft-365-copilot-overview
Mikanovich, T. (2023, November 21). AI Writing and Attribution: AI Cannot Cite *Anything*. Retrieved October 9, 2024, from https://sites.usc.edu/graduate-writing-coach/ai-writing-and-attribution-ai-cannot-cite-anything/
Mohammad Hosseini, D. B. (2023, June 15). The ethics of disclosing the use of artificial intelligence tools in writing scholarly manuscripts. Sage Journals, pp. 19(4), 449-465.
Palackého, U. (2024). Celoživotní vzdělávání. Retrieved from Univerzita Palackého v Olomouci: https://www.upol.cz/czv/
Peter Henderson, T. H. (2023). Where is the liability in harmful AI speech? Journal of free speech law, pp. 859-650. Retrieved from https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.04635
pr.ai. (2023). Transforming Prague into a significant European AI hub. Retrieved October 2024, from https://prg.ai/en/
prg.ai. (2019). Transforming Prague. Retrieved from prg.ai: https://prg.ai/en/
prg.ai. (2020). Výroční zpráva 2019. Retrieved 2024, from prg.ai: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1INsA1H_qx7QPYGSocNpSNeu7e-yeRc6b/view
prg.ai. (2023). Established by leading Czech scientists. Retrieved 2024, from https://prg.ai/en/about-us/
Rami Hatem, B. S. (2023, September 5). A Call to Address AI “Hallucinations” and How Healthcare Professionals Can Mitigate Their Risks. Cureus, 15(9). doi:https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.44720
Shan Wang, F. W. (2024, October 15). Artificial intelligence in education: A systematic literature review. Expert Systems with Applications, Volume 252, Part A,. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2024.124167.
Singh, T. (2023, July). Artificial intelligence in the classroom – a benefit or hindrance? Retrieved October 9, 2024, from https://teacherplus.org/2023/2023/july-2023/artificial-intelligence-in-the-classroom-a-benefit-or-hindrance/
Slouka, D. (2023, May 12). Models within a model: in-context learning pushes boundaries of LLM. Retrieved 2024, from prg.ai: https://prg.ai/en/author/david_slouka/
Suresh Narayanan, R. R. (2023, November 28). Artificial Intelligence Revolutionizing the Field of Medical Education. Cureus, 15(11). doi:doi: 10.7759/cureus.49604
University, C. (2023, April). AI at Charles University. Retrieved from Charles University: https://ai.cuni.cz/AIEN-4.html
University, C. (2023). Artificial Intelligence at Charles University. Retrieved 2024, from https://ai.cuni.cz/AIEN-1.html
University, M. (April 2023). Statement on the Application of Artificial Intelligence in Teaching at Masaryk University. Načteno z Masaryk University: https://www.muni.cz/en/about-us/official-notice-board/statement-on-the-application-of-ai
University, M. (2023, April). Statement on the Application of Artificial Intelligence in Teaching at Masaryk University. Retrieved June 25, 2024, from https://www.muni.cz/en/about-us/official-notice-board/statement-on-the-application-of-ai
University, M. (2024). Recommendations on the use of artificial intelligence tools in fulfilling study requirements. Retrieved October 2024, from https://kvalita.muni.cz/en/education-quality/recommendations-on-the-use-of-ai-in-education
University, P. (2023). Doporučení Univerzity Palackého v Olomouci k využívání generativních modelů AI. Retrieved 2024, from https://ai.upol.cz/doporuceni/
Yogesh K. Dwivedi, N. K. (2023, August). Opinion Paper: “So what if ChatGPT wrote it?” Multidisciplinary perspectives on opportunities, challenges and implications of generative conversational AI for research, practice and policy. International Journal of Information Management, Volume 71. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2023.102642.
Zachari Swiecki, H. K.-M. (2022). Assessment in the age of artificial intelligence. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, Volume 3. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeai.2022.100075.
Copyright © 2025 Veronika Glogarová