Toxicological state and chemical properties of soils in urbanized ecosystems of Murmansk
Vol.8,No.2(2018)
Nowadays, active urbanization directly affects to the transformation of natural ecosystems in all natural zones of Russian Federation. First of all, soils of the cities are exposed to undergoing to intensive transformation. With this transformation, natural soils change to urban and “urbo-natural soils”. Arctic ecosystems are most susceptible to anthropogenic influence because they have a low regeneration and restoration ability. Urban soils demonstrate numerous and various processes of transformation and migration of substances, which are the most important links in the biogeochemical cycles, linking the various structural components of ecosystems and the biosphere as a whole. In this context the processes of soils transformation under the influence of the urbanization has been considered. Soils of residential, recreational (park), industrial and non-developed urban zones were studied on example of Murmansk city as one on the northernmost city in European part of Russia. Microbiological activities, toxicological state (heavy metals, Zc), and content of carbon in soils were revealed.
Arctic landscapes; urbanization; soils; anthropogenic impact; ecosystems
Abakumov, E. V., Popov, A. I. (2005): Determination of the carbon and nitrogen contents and oxidizability of organic matter and the carbon of carbonates content in one soil sample. Eurasian Soil Science, 2: 165-172.
Alekseev, I. I., Abakumov, E. V., Shamilishvili, G.A. and Lodygin, E. D. (2016): Heavy metals and hydrocarbons content in soils of settlements of the Yamal-Nenets autonomous region. Gigiyena i sanitariya, 9: 818-821 (In Russian).
Alekseev, I. I., Dinkelaker, N. V., Oripova, A. A., Semyina, G. A., Morozov, A. A. and Abakumov, E. V. (2017): Assessment of ecotoxicological state of soils of the Polar Ural and Southern Yamal. Gigiyena i sanitariya, 10: 941-945. (In Russian).
Bakhmatova, K. A., Matinyan, N. N. (2016): Study of soils of St. Petersburg and its environs: from V.V. Dokuchaev to the present day. Live and biocose systems, 16: 1-25. (In Russian). Available at: http://www.jbks.ru/assets/files/content/2016/issue16/article-4.pdf.
Blume, H.-P. (1989): Classification of soils in urban agglomerations. Catena, 16: 269-275.
Carbone, S., Aurela, M., Saarnio, K., Saarikoski, S., Timonen, H., Frey, A., Sueper, D., Ulbrich, I. M., Jimenez, J. L., Kulmala, M., Worsnop, D. R. and Hillamo, R. E. (2014): Wintertime aerosol chemistry in Sub-Arctic urban air. Aerosol Science and Technology, 48: 313-323.
Dobretsov, N. L., Pokhilenko, N. P. (2010): Mineral resources of the Russian Arctic and the problems of their development in modern conditions. Geology and Geophysics, 1: 126-141. (In Russian).
Dybbroe, S., Dahl, J. and Muller-Wille, L. (2010): Dynamics of Arctic Urbanization. Acta Borealia, 27: 120-124.
Dybbroe, S. (2008): Is the Arctic really urbanising? Études/Inuit/Studies, 32(1): 13-32.
Dymov, A. A, Kaverin, D. A and Gabov, D. N. (2013): Properties of soils and soil-like bodies of the city of Vorkuta. Pochvovedenie, 2: 240-248.
Fossland, T. M. (2012): Highly skilled migration in the urban Arctic: A Norwegian case study on skilled migrant labour market integration. Polar Record, 48(246): 254-258.
Gerasimova, M. I., Stroganova, M. N., Mozharova, N. V. and Prokofieva, Т. V. (2003): Anthropogenic soils: Genesis, geography, reclamation. Editor academic of Russian Academy of Sciences G. V. Dobrovolsky, 268 p. (In Russian).
Goryachkin, S. V. (2010): Soil cover of the north (structure, genesis, ecology, evolution). Published in GEOS, 421 p.
Hollis, J. M. (1991): The classification of soils in urban areas. Soils in the Urban Environments. Edd by P. Bullock and P.J.Gregory. Blackwell Scientific publications. – Oxford, pp. 5-27.
Ji, X., Abakumov, E. and Polyakov, V. (2019): Assessments of pollution status and human health risk of heavy metals in permafrost-affected soils and lichens: A case-study in Yamal Peninsula, Russia Arctic. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, doi: 10.1080/10807039.2018.1490887
Jull, M., Cho, L. (2013): Architecture and urbanism of Arctic cities: Case study of Resolute Bay and Norilsk. Arctic States Symposium. Charlotttesville, VA: University of Virginia, pp. 1–8
Jull, M. (2016): Toward a Northern architecture: The microrayon as Arctic urban prototype. Journal of Architectural Education, 70(2): 214-222.
Kashulina, G. M. (2002): Aerothechnogenic transformation of the soil of European subarctic region. Doctoral Thesis. Apatity. 158 p.
Kimble, J. M., Follett, R. F. (2001): Assessment methods for soil carbon. Published in Lewis Publishers, 696 p.
Lebedeva, I. I., Tonkonogov, V. D. (1993): Structure of soil cover in conditions of anthropogenesis. Moscow, pp. 21-24. (In Russian).
Legostayeva, Y. B. Xenofontova, M. I., Sivtseva, N. E., Gololobova, A. G. and Makarov, V. S. (2017). Migration of mobile form of lead in urboecosystems of cryolithozone. Ecological Chemistry, 6: 323-332. (In Russian).
Lehmann, A., Stahr, K. (2007): Nature and significance of anthropogenic urban soils. Journal of Soils and Sediments, 7(4): 247-260.
Lepneva, O. M. (1987): Influence of anthropogenic factors on the chemical state of the city soils (on the example of Moscow). PhD thesis. 21 p. (In Russian).
Loginov, V. G. (2017): Russian Arctic: a retrospective analysis of demographic processes. Demographic potential of the EAGE countries: VIII Ural Demographic Forum, pp. 528-535. (In Russian).
Naprasnikova, E. V. (2007): Biochemical features of soils under conditions of permanent technogenic impact. Contemporary Problems of Soil Pollution: Collected Materials II Intern. scientific-practical. Conference Proceedeings, pp. 405-407.
Nyseth, T. (2017): Arctic Urbanization: Modernity Without Cities. Arctic Environmental Modernities, pp. 59-70.
Polyakov, V. I., Orlova, K. S. and Abakumov, E. V. (2017): Evaluation of carbon stocks in the soils of Lena River Delta on the basis of application of “dry combustion” and Tyurin’s methods of carbon determination. Biological communication, 62(2): 67-72.
Rodoman, B. B. (2001): Punkaharju. Geography, 23(97): 12-13.
Shein, E. V., Arkhangelskaya, T. A., Goncharov, V. M., Guber, A. K., Pochatkova, T. A., Sidorova, M. A., Smagin, A. V. and Umarova, A. B. (2001): Field and laboratory methods for studying physical properties and soil regimes. 200 p.
Shiklomanov, N., Streletskiy, D. A. and Suter, L. (2017): Conquering the permafrost: Urban infrastructure development in Norilsk, Russia. Polar Geography, pp. 1-18.
Streletskiy, D. A., Shiklomanov, N. (2013): Arctic Urban Sustainability and Permafrost. Conference: Arctic Urban Sustainability Conference. Washington, DC, USA, pp. 1-5.
Stroganova, M. N. (1998): Urban soils: genesis, taxonomy and ecological significance (on the example of Moscow). Thesis for Habilitation Dr. Biol. Sciences (in the form of scientific dokl.), 71 p. (In Russian).
Syso, A. I. (2007): The content of heavy metals in granulometric fractions of soils in Novosibirsk and their migration to adjacent environments. Contemporary Problems of Soil Pollution: Collected Materials II International Science-Practical. Conference Proceedeings, pp. 241-245 (In Russian).
Zemlyanitsky, L. T., Poltavskaya, I. A. and Zheldakova, G. G. (1962): Preparation of urban soil-soil for gardening. 30 p.
Web sources / Other sources
[1] World Refence Base (WRB), Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO), 2014.
International soil classification system for naming soils and creating legends for soil maps. IUSS WORKING GROUP WRB, 2015, World Reference Base for soil resources 2014.
[2] SanPIN 1987, SanPiN 4266-87, 1987
SanPiN 4266-87 Methodological guidelines for assessing the degree of danger of soil contamination with chemicals. Moscow. 1987. 10. pp. SANPIN is Saniraniye Pravila i Normy - Sanitary Rules and Norms.
[3] GOST M-MVI 80-2008
GOST M-MVI 80-2008. (2008). Technique for performing measurements of the mass fraction of elements in samples of soils, soils and bottom sediments using atomic emission spectrometry. 16 pp. COST is the Gosudarstvenniy standart - The National Standart.,
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Copyright © 2020 Czech Polar Reports