Abrams, Z. (2003) ‘The effect of synchronous and asynchronous CMC on oral performance
in German.’ The Modern Language Journal 87/2, 157-167. DOI: 10.1111/1540-4781.00184

Bardovi-Harlig, K., Dörnyei, Z. (1998) ‘Do language learners recognize pragmatic
violations? Pragmatic versus grammatical awareness in instructed L2 learning.’
TESOL Quarterly 32/2, 233-262. DOI: 10.2307/3587583

Beebe, L., Cummings, M. (1996) ‘Natural speech act data versus written questionnaire
data: How data collection method affects speech act performance.’ In: Gass, S., Neu,
J. (eds) Speech Acts across Cultures. New York: Mouton de Gruyter. 65-86.

Belz, J., Kinginger, C. (2003) ‘Discourse options and the development of pragmatic
competence by classroom learners of German: The case of address forms.’ Language
Learning 53/4, 591-647. DOI: 10.1046/j.1467-9922.2003.00238.x

Belz, J., Vyatkina, N. (2005) ‘Learner corpus analysis and the development of L2
pragmatic competence in networked intercultural language study: The case of German
modal particles.’ The Canadian Modern Language Review/La Revue canadienne des
langues vivantes 62/1, 17-48.

Biesenbach-Lucas, S. (2007) ‘Students writing emails to faculty: An examination of epoliteness
among native and non-native speakers of English.’ Language Learning &
Technology 11/2, 59-81.

Blum-Kulka, S. (1989) ‘Playing it safe: The role of conventionality in indirectness.’ In:
Blum-Kulka, S., House, J., Kasper, G. (eds) Cross-Cultural Pragmatics: Requests
and Apologies. Norwood, NJ: Ablex Publishing Corporation. 37-70.

Blum-Kulka, S. (1991) ‘Interlanguage pragmatics: The case of requests.’ In: Phillipson,
R., Kellerman, E., Selinker L., Sharwood-Smith, M., Swain, M. (eds) Foreign/Second
Language Pedagogy Research. Clevedon, UK: Multilingual Matters. 255-272.

Blum-Kulka, S., House, J., Kasper, G. (1989) ‘The CCSARP Coding Manual.’ In: Blum-
Kulka, S., House, J., Kasper, G. (eds) Cross-Cultural Pragmatics: Requests and
Apologies. Norwood, NJ: Ablex Publishing Corporation. 273-294.

Brown, P., Levinson, S. (1987) Politeness: Some Universals in Language Use. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press.

Bou-Franch, P., Lorenzo-Dus, N. (2005) ‘Enough DCTs: Moving methodological debate
in pragmatics into the 21st century.’ Paper presented at the 16th International
Conference on Pragmatics and Language Learning. Bloomington, IN (manuscript).
Chen, C.-F. E. (2006) ‘The development of e-mail literacy: From writing to peers to
writing to authority fi gures.’ Language Learning & Technology 10/2, 35-55.

Chun, L. (2003) Text-based online chat, noticing and second language acquisition. Research
Proposal. Online document: http://www.msu.edu/user/laichun1/researchproject.htm

Cohen, A., Olshtain, E. (1993) ‘The production of speech acts by EFL learners.’ TESO
Quarterly 27/1, 33-56. DOI: 10.2307/3586950

Cohen, A., Shively, R. (2007) ‘Acquisition of requests and apologies in Spanish and
French: Impact of study abroad and strategy-building intervention.’ The Modern
Language Journal 91, 189-212. DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-4781.2007.00540.x

Davis, B., Brewer, J. (1997) Electronic Discourse: Linguistic Individuals in Virtual Space.
Albany, NY: SUNY Press.

Fernandez-Garcia, M., Martinez-Arbelaiz, A. (2002) ‘Negotiation of meaning in nonnative
speaker- nonnative speaker synchronous discussions.’ CALICO Journal 19/2,
279-294. DOI: 10.1558/cj.v19i2.279-284

House, J., Kasper, G. (1981) ‘Politeness markers in English and German.’ In: Coulmas,
F. (ed.) Conversational Routine: Explorations in Standardized Communication
Situations and Prepatterned Speech. The Hague: Mouton Publishers. 157-185.

Kasper, G., Rose, K. (1999) ‘Pragmatics and SLA.’ Annual Review of Applied Linguistics
19, 81-104.

Lee, L. (2001) ‘Online interaction: Negotiation of meaning and strategies used among
learners of Spanish.’ ReCALL 13/2, 232-244.

Payne, S., Whitney, P. (2002) ‘Developing L2 oral profi ciency through synchronous
CMC: Output, working memory, and interlanguage development.’ CALICO Journal
20/1, 7-32.

Pelletieri, J. (2000) ‘Negotiation in cyberspace: The role of chatting in the development
of grammatical competence.’ In: Warschauer, M., Kern, R. (eds) Network-Based
Language Teaching: Concepts and Practice. Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press. 59-86.

Rose, K. (2000) ‘An exploratory cross-sectional study of interlanguage pragmatic
development.’ Studies in Second Language Acquisition 22, 27-67. DOI: 10.1017/S0272263100001029

Shekary, M., Tahririan, M. (2006) ‘Negotiation of meaning and noticing in text-based
online chat.’ The Modern Language Journal 90/4, 557-573. DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-4781.2006.00504.x

Smith, B. (2003) ‘Computer-mediated negotiated interaction: An expanded model.’ The
Modern Language Journal 87/1, 38-57. DOI: 10.1111/1540-4781.00177

Sotillo, S. (2005) ‘Corrective feedback via Instant Messenger learning activities in NSNNS
and NNS-NNS dyads.’ CALICO Journal 22/3, 467-496.

Trosborg, A. (1987) ‘Apology strategies in natives/non-natives.’ Journal of Pragmatics
11, 147-167. DOI: 10.1016/0378-2166(87)90193-7

Vinagre, M. (2005) ‘Fostering language learning via email: An English-Spanish exchange.’
Computer Assisted Language Learning 18/5, 369-388. DOI: 10.1080/09588220500442749