Srovnání výuky dějepisu a občanské nauky na českých a německých školách v období první československé republiky

The presented paper is concerned with teaching history and civics in Czechoslovakia in 1918–1938. In particular, the thesis deals with the ways in which pupils‘ and students‘ opinions might have been influenced in lessons of history and civics. The research aimed to compare teaching at Czech and German schools in Czechoslovakia. Therefore, the formation of self-identity and mutual perception of Czechs and Germans and a potential polarity of opinions in teaching in the Czech and German language were in the centre of attention of this research. The research is based on sources consisting of laws, decrees, and other documents enacted by the Ministry of Education and National Enlightenment, and furthermore, history and civics textbooks with the official approval of use in teaching issued by the ministry and published during the First Republic. Based on the analysis of the selected sources, it was proven that teaching at schools differed according to the language used during teaching. In these cases, the authors avoided concrete terminology and most often used the terms like ‚nation‘ and ‚homeland‘, and accordingly, ‚das Volk‘ and ‚die Heimat‘. The thesis, therefore, proved that during the First Republic the school education of history and civics was a place where Czechs and Germens living in the same state contended with each other and that the learners were led to develop attitudes and knowledge which consequently could not bring tolerant and unproblematic coexistence.