Observation of polar bear (Ursus maritimus) feeding on Svalbard reindeer (Rangifer tarandus platyrhyncus) – exceptional behaviour or upcoming trend?

Vol.8,No.2(2018)

Abstract

A polar bear (Ursus maritimus) was observed feeding on Svalbard reindeer (Rangifer tarandus platyrhyncus) on September 3rd 2018 near Skansbukta, central Svalbard. A well-developed male was observed to rest nearby and feed on fresh reindeer carcass. Polar bear hunting a reindeer is rather an exceptional behaviour at present, but could become more frequent with drastic decline of sea ice and thus loss of traditional hunting areas with presence of seals – the usual prey.


Keywords:
p olar bear; feeding behaviour; reindeer; climate change
References

Aars, J., Marques, T. A., Buckland, S. T., Andersen, M., Belikov, S., Boltunov, A. and Wiig, . (2009): Estimating the Barents Sea polar bear subpopulation size. Marine Mammal Science, 25: 35-52.

Aars, J., Marques, T. A., Lone, K., Andersen, M., Wiig, ., Bardalen Flystad, I. M., Hagen, S. B. and Buckland, S. T. (2017): The number and distribution of polar bears in the western Barents Sea. Polar Research, 36: 1-16.

Amstrup, S. C., Stirling, I., Smith, T. S., Perham, C. and Thiemann G. W. (2006): Recent observations of intraspecific predation and cannibalism among polar bears in the southern Beaufort Sea. Polar Biology, 29: 997-1002.

Amstrup, S. C., Deweaver, E. T., Douglas, D. C., Marcot, B. G., Durner, G. M., Bitz, C. M. and Bailey, D. A. (2010): Greenhouse gas mitigation can reduce sea-ice loss and increase polar bear persistence. Nature, 468: 955-958.

Brook, R. K., Richardson, E. S. (2002): Observations of polar bear predatory behaviour toward caribou. Arctic, 55: 193-196.

Derocher, A. E., Wiig, O. and Bangjord, G. (2000): Predation of Svalbard reindeer by polar bears. Polar Biology, 23: 675-678.

Derocher, A. E., Wiig, O. and Andersen, M. (2002): Diet composition of polar bears in Svalbard and the western Barents Sea. Polar Biology, 25: 448-452.

Derocher, A. E. (2005): Population ecology of polar bears at Svalbard, Norway. Population Ecology, 47: 267-275.

Freitas, C., Kovacs, K.M., Andersen, M., Aars, J., Sandven, S., Skern-Mauritzen, M., Pavlova, O. and Lydersen, C. (2012): Importance of fast ice and glacier fronts for female polar bears and their cubs during spring in Svalbard, Norway. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 447: 289-304.

Gormezano, L.J., Rockwell, R.F. (2013): What to eat now? Shifts in polar bear diet during the ice-free season in western Hudson Bay. Ecology and Evolution, 3: 3509-3523.

Iversen, M., Aars, J., Haug, T., Alsos, I. G., Lydersen, C., Bachmann, L. and Kovacs, K. M. (2013): The diet of polar bears (Ursus maritimus) from Svalbard, Norway, inferred from scat analysis. Polar Biology, 36: 561-571.

Kavan, J., Anděrová, V. (in review): Environmental factors influencing Svalbard reindeer (Rangifer tarandus platyrhyncus) population characteristics.

Kavan, J. (in preparation): Retreat rate of Nordenskiold glacier and implications for recent biodiversity – are we witnessing shift from tide water glacier towards land-based glacier?

Kovacs, K. M., Lydersen, C., Overland, J. E. and Moore, S. E. (2011): Impacts of changing sea-ice conditions on Arctic marine mammals. Marine Biodiversity, 41: 181-194.

Peacock, E., Taylor, M. K., Laake, J. and Stirling, I. (2013): Population Ecology of Polar Bears in Davis Strait, Canada and Greenland. The Journal of Wildlife Management, 77: 463-476.

Pedersen, A. (1945): Der Eisbar (Thalarctos maritimus Phipps): Verbreitung und lebensweise. Aktieselskabet Bruun, Copenhagen; in Derocher et al. (2000).

Schliebe, S., Rode, K.D., Gleason, J.S., Wilder, J., Proffitt, K., Evans, T. J. and Mille, S. (2008): Effects of sea ice extent and food availability on spatial and temporal distribution of polar bears during the fall open-water period in the Southern Beaufort Sea. Polar Biology, 31: 999-1010.

Stempniewicz, L., Kidawa, D., Barcikowski, M. and Iliszko, L. (2014): Unusual hunting and feeding behaviour of polar bears on Spitsbergen. Polar Record, 50: 216-219.

Stirling, I., Parkinson, C. L. (2006): Possible effects of climate warming on selected populations of polar bears (Ursus maritimus) in the Canadian Arctic. Arctic, 59: 261-275.

Tartu, S., Bourgeon, S., Aars, J., Andersen, M., Ehrich, D., Thiemann, G. W., Welker, J. M. and Routti, H. (2016): Geographical area and life history traits influence diet in an arctic marine predator. PLoS ONE, 11: e0155980.

Tyler, N. J. C. (1987): Natural limitation of the abundance of the High Arctic Svalbard reindeer. Ph.D. thesis, University of Cambridge, Cambridge.

Wiig, ., Aars. J. and Born, E. W. (2008): Effects of climate change on polar bears. Science Progress, 91: 151-173.

Web sources / Other sources

[1] The Governor of Svalbard (GOS) (2017): Number of polar bears killed since 1973.

Environmental monitoring of Svalbard and Jan Mayen (MOSJ).

Available at: http://www.mosj.no/en/influence/hunting-trapping/polar-bear-bag.html""> http://www.mosj.no/en/influence/hunting-trapping/polar-bear-bag.html

[2] United States Geological Survey (USGS) (2018). Available at: https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/

(accessed November 26th 2018).

,

Metrics

378

Views

95

PDF views