Trace elements in soils of oases of Enderby Land (on an example of Vecherny oasis)
Vol.8,No.2(2018)
The content of trace elements in the soils of the Vecherny Oasis (Enderby Land, East Antarctica), where the construction of the Belarusian Antarctic Station started in December 2015, is considered. The results of the research are based on data collected during four Belarusian Antarctic expeditions in the period from 2011 to 2017, and analytical testing of soil samples taken from impacted and non-impacted sites. A total of 22 soil samples were analyzed for the content of trace elements; to compare the levels of accumulation and possible migration pathways, 7 samples of bottom sediments were also analyzed. Determination of trace elements was carried out using the AAS method (Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni, Zn, Fe, Mn) and emission spectral analysis (about 40 elements). The average values and range of concentrations of trace elements in soils and bottom sediments of the oasis are presented. The possible dependence of the trace elements content on the location positions in the landscape and on the sources of impact is discussed. It is shown, that the variability of metals content in soil profile for background site is low. In comparison with other oases of Antarctica no hotspots have been revealed and no significant areas of soil contamination have been identified yet, which is largely due to the fragmentation of the soil cover and lack of significant sources of pollution.
trace element; heavy metals; human impact; soil pollution; Belarusian Antarctic Station
Aleksandrov, M. V. (1985): Landscape structure and mapping of oasis of Enderby Land. Leningrad: Gidrometeoizdat, 152 p. (In Russian).
Amaro, E., Padeiro, A., De Ferro, A. M., Mota, A.M., Leppe, M., Verkulich, S., Hughes, K., Peter H.-U. and Canário, J. (2015): Assessing trace element contamination in Fildes Peninsula (King George Island) and Ardley Island, Antarctic. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 97: 523-527.
Bargagli, R. (2000): Trace metals in Antarctica related to climate change and increasing human impact. Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 166: 129-173.
Bargagli, R. (2008): Environmental contamination in antarctic ecosystems. Science of the Total Environment, 400: 212-226.
Bockheim, J. G. (2015): Soil-forming factors in Antarctica. In: J. G. Bockheim (Ed.): The Soils of Antarctica. Basel: Springer International, pp.5-20. DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-05497-1_2
Braun, C., Hertel, F., Mustafa, O., Nordt, A., Pfeiffer S. and Peter. H.-U. (2014): Environmental assessment and management challenges of the Fildes Peninsula region. In: T. Tin, D. Liggett, P.T. Maher, M. Lamers (eds.): Antarctic Futures. Springer, Dordrecht, pp.169-191.
Campbell, I. B., Claridge, G. G. C. (1987): Antarctica: Soils, weathering processes and environment. Elsevier. 407 p.
Celis, J.E., Barra, R., Espejo, W., González-Acua, D. and Jara, S. (2015): Trace element concentrations in biotic matrices of gentoo penguins (Pygoscelis papua) and coastal soils from different locations of the Antarctic Peninsula. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 226: 2266.
Chaparro, M. A. E., Nunez, H., Lirio, J. N. M, Gogorza, C. S. G. and Sinito, A. M. (2007): Magnetic screening and heavy metal pollution studies in soils from Marambio station, Antarctica. Antarctic Science, 19(3): 379-393.
Chen, J., Blume, H-P. (1995): Impact of human activities on the terrestrial ecosystem of Antarctica: A Review. Polarforschung, 65(2): 83-92.
Cipro, C. V. Z., Bustamante, P., Petry, M. V. and Montone, R. C. (2018): Seabird colonies as relevant sources of pollutants in Antarctic ecosystems: Part 1 - Trace elements. Chemosphere, 204:535-547.
Claridge, G. G. C., Campbell, I. B., Powell, H. K. J., Amin, Z. H. and Balks, M. R. (1995): Heavy metal contamination in some soils of the McMurdo Sound Region, Antarctica. Antarctic Science, 7(1): 9-14.
Crockett, A. B. (1998): Background levels of metals in soils, McMurdo station, Antarctica. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 50: 289-296.
Culicov, O. A., Yurukova, L., Duliu, O. G. and Zinicovscaia, I. (2017): Elemental content of mosses and lichens from Livingston Island (Antarctica) as determined by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). Environmental Science and Pollution Research International, 24: 5717-5732.
De Lima Neto, E., Guerra, M. B. B., Thomazini, A., Daher, M., de Andrade A. M. and Schaefer, C. E. G. R. (2017): Soil contamination by toxic metals near an Antarctic refuge in Robert Island, Maritime Antarctica: A Monitoring strategy. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 228: 66. doi: 10.1007/s11270-017-3245-4.
Dolgikh, A. V, Mergelov, N. S, Abramov, A. A, Lupachev, A. V. and Goryachkin, S. V. (2015): Soils of Enderby Land. In: J. G. Bockheim (ed.): The Soils of Antarctica. Basel: Springer International, pp. 45–63.
Fryirs, K. A., Hafsteinsdóttir, E. G., Stark, S. C. and Gore, D. B. (2015): Metal and petroleum hydrocarbon contamination at Wilkes station, East Antarctica. Antarctic Science, 27(2): 118-133.
Gasparon, M., Matschullat, J. (2006): Trace metals in Antarctic ecosystems: Results from the Larsemann Hills, East Antarctica. Applied Geochemistry, 21(9):1593-1612
Guerra, M. B. B., Schaefer, E. C. G. R., Rosa, P. F., Simas F. N. B., Pereira, T. T C. and Pereira-Filho, E. R. (2011): Heavy metals contamination in century-old manmade technosols of Hope Bay, Antarctic Peninsula. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 222: 91-102. doi: 10.1007/s11270-011-0811-z.
Guerra, M. B. B., Lima Neto, E., Prianti, M. T. A., Pereira-Filho, E. R. and Schaefer, C. E. G. R. (2013): Post-fire study of the Brazilian Scientific Antarctic Station: Toxic element contamination and potential mobility on the surrounding environment. Microchemical Journal, 110: 21-27.
Kabata-Pendias, A. (2010): Trace elements in soils and plants, 4th edition, CRC Press. 548 p. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b10158-25.
Kabata-Pendias, A., Pendias, H. (2001): Trace elements in soils and plants. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL (3rd edition), 413 p.
Karataev. G. I, Garetsky, R. G. (2011): Tectonics of the northeast part of the East Antarctic Platform). In: V. P. Samodurov (Ed.): Actual problems of geology and prospecting for mineral deposits. Proceedings of University Geological Readings. Minsk: BSU, pp.11-14.
Kennicutt II, M. C., Klein, A., Montagna, P., Sweet S., Wade, T., Palmer, T., Sericano, J. and Denoux, G. (2010): Temporal and spatial patterns of anthropogenic disturbance at McMurdo station, Antarctica. Environmental Research Letters, 5(3): 1-10.
Kostova, I., Apostolova, D., Filcheva, E., Klain, L. and Popov, M. (2015): Geochemical composition and properties of Antarctic soil samples from Livingston Island. Annual of the University of Mining and Geology “St. Ivan Rilski”, Part I, Geology and Geophysics, 58: 107-116.
Kukharchyk, T. I., Kakareka, S. V. (2016): Composition and properties of soils near Mount Vechernyaya (Enderby Land, East Antarctica). Doklady of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 60 (1): 87-93.
Lu, Z., Cai, M., Wang, J., Yang, H. and He, J. (2012): Baseline values for metals in soils on Fildes Peninsula, King George Island, Antarctica: The Extent of Anthropogenic Pollution. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 184(11): 7013-7021.
MacNamara, E. E. (1969): Pedology of Enderby Land, Antarctica. Antarctic Journal, 208-210.
Malandrino, M., Abollino, O., Buoso, S., Casalino, C., Gasparon, M., Giacomino, A., Gioia, C., and Mentasti, E. (2009): Geochemical characterization of Antarctic soils and lacustrine sediments from Terra Nova Bay. Microchemical Journal, 92: 21-31.
Mergelov, N. S, Konyushkov, D. E, Lupachev, A.V and Goryachkin, S. V. (2015): Soils of MacRobertson Land. In: J. G. Bockheim (Ed.): The soils of Antarctica. Basel Springer International, pp 65–86.
Mergelov, N. S. (2014): Soils of the Wet Valleys in Larsemann and Vestfold Hills (Princess Elizabeth Land, East Antarctica). Eurasian Soil Science, 47(9): 845-862.
Myasnikov, O. V. (2011): Geological structure of the territory of Vechervnaya Mount Enderby Land, Antarctica. In: V. P. Samodurov (ed.): Actual problems of geology and prospecting for mineral deposits. Proceedings of University Geological Readings. Minsk: BSU, pp.17–20.
O’Neill, T. A. (2017): Protection of Antarctic soil environments: A review of the current issues and future challenges for the environmental protocol. Environmental Science and Policy, 76: 153-164.
O’Neill, T. A., Aislabie, J. and Balks, M. R. (2015): Human impacts on soils. In: J. G. Bockheim (ed.): The Soils of Antarctica, World Soils Book Series. Springer, pp. 281–303.
Padeiro, A., Amaro, E., Dos Santos, M. M., Araújo, M. F., Gomes, S. S., Leppe, M., Verkulich, S., Hughes, K. A., Peter, H. U. and Canário, J. (2016): Trace element contamination and availability in the Fildes Peninsula, King George Island, Antarctica. Environmental Science: Processes and Impacts, 18: 648-657.
Padeiro, A., Santos, M. C. and Canário, J. (2014): Soil contamination in Fildes Peninsula (King George Island, Antarctic): Bio(availability) and remediation strategies. pp. 1-7.
Parnikoza, I., Abakumov, E., Korsun, S., Klymenko, I., Netsyk, M., Kudinova, A. and Kozeretska, I. (2016): Soils of the Argentine Islands, Antarctica: Diversity and characteristics. Polarforschung, 86(2): 83-96.
Pertierra, L. R., Hughes, K. A., Benayas, J., Justel, A. and Quesada, A. (2013): Environmental management of a scientific field camp in maritime Antarctica: Reconciling research impacts with conservation goals in remote ice-free areas. Antarctic Science, 25(2): 307-317. doi:10.1017/S0954102012001083.
Rudnic, R. L., Gao, S. (2003): Composition of the continental crust. In: H. D. Holland, K. K. Turekian (eds): Treatise on geochemistry, vol. 3. Elsevier-Pergamon, Oxford, London, pp. 1-64.
Santos, I. R., Silva, E. V., Schaefer, C. E. G. R., Alburquerque, M. R. and Ampos, L. S. (2005): Heavy metal contamination in coastal sediments and soils near the Brazilian Antarctic Station, King George Island. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 50: 185-194.
Sheppard, D. S., Claridge, G. G. C. and Campbell, I. B. (2000): Metal contamination of soils at Scott Base, Antarctica. Applied Geochemistry, 15: 513-530.
Simonov, I. M. (1971): Oasis of earth Antarctic. Leningrad: Gidrometeoizdat, 180 p. (In Russian)
Smykla, J., Szarek-Gwiazda, E., Drewnik, M., Knap, W. and Emslie, S. D. (2018): Natural variability of major and trace elements in non-ornithogenic gelisols at Edmonson Point, Northern Victoria Land, Antarctica. Polish Polar Research, 39(1): 19-50, doi: 10.24425/118737.
Snape, I., Stark, J. S., Cole, C. M., Gore, D. G., Duquesne, S. and Riddle, M. J. (2001): Management and remediation of contaminated sites at Casey Station, Antarctica. Polar Record, 37: 199-214.
Stark, S. C., Snape, I., Graham, N. J., Brennan, J. C. and Gore, D. B. (2008): Assessment of metal contamination using x-ray fluorescence spectrometry and the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) during remediation of a waste disposal site in Antarctica. Journal of Environmental Monitoring, 10: 60-70.
Szopinska, M., Namiesnik, J. and Polkowska, Z. (2016): How important is research on pollution levels in Antarctica? Historical approach, difficulties and current trends. In: P. de Voogt (ed.): Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, Volume 239, Springer International Publishing, pp.79–156.
Taylor, P. K. (2015): Residual contamination and environmental effects at the Former Vanda Station, Wright Valley, Antarctica. Master of Water Resource Management Thesis. New Zealand. 108 p.
Tin, T., Fleming, Z. L., Hughes, K. A., Ainley, D. G., Convey, P., Moreno, C. A., Pfeiffer, S., Scott, J. and Snape, I. (2009): Impacts of local human activities on the Antarctic environment. Antarctic Science, 21(1): 3-33.
Ugolini, F. C., Bockheim, J. G. (2008): Antarctic soils and soil formation in a changing environment: A Review. Geoderma, 144: 1-8.
Vlček, V., Juřička, D. and Míková, J. (2017): Heavy metal concentration in selected soils and sediments of Livingston Island, Deception Island, King George Island, James Ross Island (Antarctica). Czech Polar Reports, 7(1): 18-33.
Webster, J.,Webster, K.,Nelson, P. andWaterhouse, E. (2003): The behaviour of residual contaminants at a Former Station Site, Antarctica. Environmental Pollution, 123(2): 163-179.
Zazovskaya, E., Mergelov, N., Shishkov, V., Dolgikh, A. Miamin, V., Cherkinsky, A. and Goryachkin, S. (2016): Radiocarbon age of soils in oases of east Antarctica. Radiocarbon, pp. 1-15.
Zvěřina, O., Coufalík, P., Vaculovič, T., Kuta, J. Zeman, J. and Komárek, J. (2012): Macro- and microelements in soil profile of the moss-covered area in James Ross Island, Antarctica. Czech Polar Reports, 2(1): 1-7.
Web sources / Other sources
[1] ATCM XL IP005 (2017). Towards establishing of values of critical loads and thresholds for the Antarctic environment. XL Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting, China, 2017// Available at: https://www.ats.aq/devAS/ats_meetings_doc_database.aspx?lang=e&menu=2
,
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Copyright © 2020 Czech Polar Reports