Analysis of seasonality in trophic relationships of true seals (Phocideae) in the White Sea
Vol.5,No.2(2015)
The analysis of interspecific trophic relations of true seals in the White Sea on the basis of long-term study, done on feeding, is shown. Main finding is that the ringed and bearded seals have no competitive interrelations. Contrastingly, the harp seal had an impact on background seals, intensity of the competition was, however, insignificant due of harp seal seasonal stay in the White Sea. The ice-free seals, i.e. grey and harbor seals, did not show a trophic competition with ice-liking seals thanks to seasonality of stay in the White Sea and insignificant number. The trophic competition of these seals to other pinnipeds is possible at restoration of areas.
diet; qualitative feeding structure; trophic competition; seals activity
Bichkov, V. A. (1997): Prospects of penetration of a spotty seal into the White Sea: Ecology of birds and seals in the seas Sowing. – North-West Russia. Apatity: Murmansk Marine Biological Institute, Kola Science Centre, Russsian Academy of Science (MMBI KSC RAS), pp. 196-211. (In Russian).
Bondarev, V. А. (2004): Abundance and the distribution of ringed (Pusa hispida) and bearded (Erignathus barbatus) seals in the White Sea in the summer 2003: Marine Mammals of the Holarctic. Collection of Scientific Papers. Moscow. OOO KMK, pp.85-88.
Chapski, K. K. (1976): Lastonogy and zubaty whales. In: V. G. Gepnter (ed.): Mammals of the Soviet Union: Moscow: Visshaya shkola, Vol. 2, No. 3. 718 p. (In Russian).
Chuchukalo, V. I. (2006): Food and the food relations of a nekton and a nektobentos in the Far East seas. Author's thesis abstract Dr.Sci.Biol., Vladivostok: TINRO, 159 p. (In Russian).
Kovacs, K. M., Haug, T., Svetochev, V. N., Zabavnikov, V. N., Lukin, N. N., Skern-Mauritzen, M. and Belikov, S. E. (2009): Marine mammals. In: J. E.Stiansen, O. Korneev, O.Titov, P.Arneberg (eds.): Joint Norwegian-Russian environmental status 2008. Report on the Barents Sea Ecosystem. Part II – Complete report: IMR/PINRO Joint Report Series, No. 3, pp. 210-219.
Lukin, L. R., Ognetov, G. N. (2009): Marine mammals of the Russian Arctic, Yekaterinburg: Ural Part, Russsian Academy of Science (RAS), 202 p. (In Russian).
Nilssen, K. T., Haug, T., Potelov, V. A., Stasenkov, V. A. and Timoshenko, Y. (1995): Food habits of harp seals (Phoca groenlandica) during lactation and moult in March-May in the Southern Barents Sea and White Sea: International Council for the Exploration of the Sea Journal of Marine Science (ICES J. mar. Sci.), Vol.52, pp. 33-41.
Palenichko,Z. G. (1957): The results of comprehensive research in the Onega Bay of the White Sea. In: materials for the integrated study of the White Sea. Moscow-Leningrad, No. 1., pp.15-43. (In Russian).
Potelov, V. A. (1971): Food of a sea hare: Materials fisheries research, No. 18, Murmansk, pp. 107-121. (In Russian).
Potelov, V. A. (1998): Pinnipeds. Cetacea. In: N. M. Polezhaev, V. A. Potelov, A. N. Petrov, A. N. Pistin, N. D. Neifeld, S. M. Sokolsky, B. N. Turnin (eds.): Fauna of the European Northeast of Russia. Mammals, Vol. 2, No. 2. pp. 7-32, 190-242. (In Russian).
Shavikin, А. А., Iljin, G. V. (2010): Evaluation of integrated vulnerability of the Barents Sea from oil contamination. Murmansk: Murmansk Marine Biological Institute, Kola Science Centre, Russsian Academy of Science (MMBI KSC RAS), 110 p. (In Russian).
Svetochev, V. N. (2010): Spring feeding of the young harp seals (Phoca groenlandica) in the Greenland Sea. In: Marine Mammals of the Holarctic: Collection of Scientific Papers after the Sixth International Conference (Kaliningrad, Russia, October 11–15, 2010), Kaliningrad: Kapros, pp. 511-513.
Svetocheva,О. N. (2004): Ringed seal (Pusa hispida) fish feeding features in the White Sea In: Marine Mammals of the Holarctic. Collection of Scientific Papers. Moscow. OOO KMK, pp. 498-504.
Svetocheva, O. N. (2005): The characteristic of food of an annulate seal (Pusa hispida) in the White Sea. Author's thesis Cand.Biol.Sci., Petrozavodsk, 20 p. (In Russian).
Svetocheva,О. N. (2012): The stickleback (Gasterosteidae) in the ringed seal (Phoca hispida) diet in the White Sea. In: Marine Mammals of the Holarctic. Collection of Scientific Papers. Moscow, Vol. 2, pp. 218-222.
Svetocheva, O. N. (2013): Food of a sea hare (Erignathus barbatus) in the White Sea. In: The II All-Russian conference with the international participation ""Problems of studying and protection of fauna in the north"", 8–12 April 2013, Syktyvkar, Union of Komi, Russia. Syktyvkar, pp. 181-183. (In Russian).
Svetochev, V. N., Svetocheva, O. N. (1995): Distribution and number of a seal (Pusa hispida) and a sea hare (Erygnathus barbatus) in the White Sea in June, 1993: Problems of studying, rational use and protection of natural resources of the White Sea: Materials research SPb, pp. 139-141. (In Russian).
Svetochev, V. N., Svetocheva, O. N. (2008): Food habits of the Harp Seal (Phoca groenlandica) in the White Sea in spring. In: Joint ICES/NAFO Working Group on Harp and Hooded Seals, Tromso, Norway, 27-30 August 2008, document WP SEA 174.
Svetochev, V. N., Svetocheva, O. N. (2009): Ecology of the harp seal feeding in spring in the White Sea. In: Doklady Biological Sciences, Vol.429, No.4, pp.571-573.
Svetochev, V. N., Svetocheva, О. N. (2012): Marine mammals: biology, food stocks: Biological resources of the White Sea: study and use. The fauna of the seas. SPb: Russsian Academy of Science (RAS), Vol. 69(77), pp.261-286 (In Russian).
Svetocheva,О. N., Svetochev, V. N. (2010a): Winter feeding of the ringed seal (Pusa hispida) in the White Sea. In: Marine Mammals of the Holarctic: Collection of Scientific Papers after the Sixth International Conference (Kaliningrad, Russia, October 11–15, 2010), Kaliningrad: Kapros, pp. 507-511.
Svetocheva, O. N., Svetochev, V. N. (2010b): Ringed seal of the White Sea: numbers, distribution, food. Apatity: Publish. Kola Science Centre, Russsian Academy of Science (KSC RAS), 241 p. (In Russian).
Svetocheva, O. N., Svetochev, V. N. (2011): Biological monitoring of a seal (Pusa hispida) in the western sector of the Russian Arctic and its key parameters. In: Studying and development of marine and land ecosystems in the conditions of the Arctic and arid climate: materials of the International scientific conference (on June 6-11, 2011, Rostov-na-Donu). Rostov-na-Donu: Publish. SSC RAN, pp. 334-337. (In Russian).
Zabavnikov, V. B., Mauritzen, M., Ziryanov, S. V. and ien N. (2007): Marine mammals and seabirds. In: J. E.Stiansen, A. A. Filin (eds.): Joint PINRO/IMR report on the state of the Barents Sea ecosystem 2006, with expected situation and considerations for management, IMR/PINRO Joint Report Series, No. 2, pp. 127-139.
Other/Web sources
[1] ICES2016 (2015): Report of the Working Group on Harp and Hooded Seals (WGHARP), 17–21 November 2014, Quebec City, QC Canada. ICESCM 2015:ACOM:20, 8 p.
[2] IUCN Red List. URL: http://www.iucnredlist.org/.
[3] Red Book Russian Federation (animal) (2001): M.: NUCLEAR HEATING PLANT; Astrel, 860 p. (In Russian),

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Copyright © 2020 Czech Polar Reports